Mixed Migration Centre (MMC) Updates

Key Updates At least 29 dead in boat capsizing off Thailand-Malaysia border as maritime journeys peak to 5,300 people (Rohingya refugees) in 2025: a boat carrying around 70 people capsized near...

Key Updates War in Sudan continues to drive displacement: compared to the previous quarter, cross-border movements have increased by 52% in Libya (541,000), 5% in South Sudan (1,269,828), 4% in the...

Key Updates In 2025 arrivals in Europe down overall, though trends vary by route: according to UNHCR, entries into Cyprus, Greece, Italy, and Spain fell for a second year running to 154,332, down...

Actualizaciones clave • Los arrestos, detenciones y deportaciones de inmigrantes en Estados Unidos (EE. UU.) continúan alcanzando niveles récord, a pesar de que en 2025 se registró el número más bajo...

Key updates The United States (US) continues to increase immigration arrests, detention, and deportations, even as new arrivals grind almost to a halt. Even as 2025 recorded the lowest number of...

Key Updates Irregular sea arrivals to Italy remained broadly stable in 2025 compared to 2024, following a sharp 58% decline between 2023 and 2024. Libya accounts for most departures this year (88%)...

Key Updates In 2025, the Canary Islands were no longer the main point of arrival to Spain (17,941), with the Western Mediterranean Route recording higher arrivals (19,447). Year-on-year arrivals to...

“Community Perceptions and Information Needs of Persons at Risk of Irregular Migration in Bali Process Member States: Evidence from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand” provides insights...

Key signals to watch Security conditions and territorial control inside Venezuela Credibility of political transition and respect for rights Economic signals (employment, currency stability, oil...

Introduction Each year, as part of the Mixed Migration Review, the Mixed Migration Centre (MMC) runs an essay competition for young and emerging writers, researchers, and thinkers from the Global...

The year 2025 began with a sense of shock, disorientation and anxiety about the future. The geopolitical landscape had shifted sharply over the previous year following the election of US president...

Movements along the Eastern Route, which runs from countries in the Horn of Africa to the Arabian Peninsula, are highly dependent upon smuggling networks owing to the physically challenging terrain,...

Key findings • In general, migrants - regardless of their legal status - faced significant challenges in securing employment. Nevertheless, irregular status remained an important factor: 97% of...

Key Updates • War in Sudan continues to drive displacement…: compared to the previous quarter, cross border movements have increased by 14% in Libya (357,000), 7% in Uganda (86,947), 4% in South...

Actualizaciones claves • La administración de Estados Unidos (EE. UU.) está aumentando los vuelos de deportación. En medio de datos inconsistentes, ahora están surgiendo pruebas del aumento de las...

Key Updates • The United States (US) administration is increasing removal flights. Amidst inconsistent data, evidence of growing deportations from the US is now emerging. The New York Times reported...

Key Updates • As of 28 September 2025, Italy recorded 49,799 sea arrivals; overall arrivals were up 1% from last year but down 2% from last quarter. Most arrivals continued to depart from Libya...

Key Updates • Afghan returns heighten amid earthquake and deportations: Nearly 1.4 million Afghans returned from Iran and Pakistan this quarter, driven by deportation campaigns and regional...

This Quarterly Mixed Migration Update (QMMU) covers the West Africa (WA) region. The core countries of focus are Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso and Nigeria. Depending on the quarterly trends and...

This Quarterly Mixed Migration Update (QMMU) covers Europe. The core countries of focus are Spain, Italy, Greece and countries along the Balkan migration route. Depending on the quarterly trends and...