Mapping the evidence on WASH promotion in communities, schools and health facilities
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The number of rigorous studies on WASH promotion in households, schools and communities has increased substantially.
Very few rigorous studies exist on WASH promotion in medical facilities.
Many new studies evaluate previously under-researched approaches, such as community-led total sanitation, and measure important sector outcomes, including school attendance and reducing open defecation.
More studies are needed to measure programme effects on the sustained use of technologies and slippage back to open defecation.
A critical need exists for studies on promotional approaches for vulnerable populations, especially people living with disabilities, for whom no studies are available.
New, high-quality systematic reviews are available, including ones on the effectiveness of hygiene and sanitation behavioural approaches and menstrual hygiene management.
Synthesis gaps remain for high-quality reviews on WASH interventions in schools and on decentralised delivery