Attachments
FOREWORD
The Annual Tropical Cyclone Report is prepared by the staff of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), a combined USAF/USN support organization operating under the command of the U. S. Naval Oceanography Command Center, Guam. JTWC was established in April 1959 when CINCPAC directed CINCPACFLT to provide a single tropical cyclone warning center for the Pacific area. The operations of JTWC are guided by CINCPACINST 3140.1 (P).
The mission of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center is multifaceted and includes:
1. Continuous meteorological monitoring of all tropical ,activity in the northern and southern hemispheres, from the International Date Line westward to the east coast of Africa, to anticipate tropical cyclone development.
2. Issuing warnings for all significant tropical cyclones in the above area of responsibility.
3. Determination of reconnaissance requirements for tropical cyclone surveillance and assignment of appropriate priorities.
4. In depth post-analysis of all tropical cyclones occurring within the WESTPAC/Northern Indian Ocean for publication in this report.
5. Cooperation with NAVENVPREDRSCHFAC, Monterey on the operational evaluation of tropical cyclone models and forecast aids, and independent technique development to support operational forecast scenarios.
Should JTWC become incapacitated, the Alternate JTWC (AJTWC), located at the U. S. Naval Western Oceanography Center, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, assumes warning responsibilities. Assistance in determining tropical cyclone reconnaissance requirements, and in obtaining the resultant data, is provided by Detachment 4, lWW, Hickam AFB, Hawaii.
In line with the proposals to implement metric units of measurement within the United States over the next few years, various civilian and military organizations have begun extensive educational proqrams through use of metric equivalents in their publications. This report will include metric unit equivalent measures whenever possible.
Satellite imagery used throughout this report represents data obtained by the Satellite Selective Reconnaissance Program network of stations. The personnel of Det 1, lWW, co-located with JTWC at Nimitz Hill, Guam, direct the satellite acquisitions and tropical cyclone surveillance of units at:
Det 5, lwW Clark AB, RP;
Det 8, lWW, Kadena AS, Japan;
Det 15, 30WS, Osan AB, Korea;
Det 4, lWW, Hickam APB, Hawaii, and
Air Force Global Weather Center, Offutt APB, Nebraska
In addition, the Naval Oceanography Command Detachment, Diego Garcia and DMSP equipped U. S. Navy aircraft carriers have been instrumental in providing vital satellite position fixes for tropical disturbances in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.
The staff of JTWC is indebted to Captain Jesus B. Tupaz, USN for his many valuable suggestions and insightful comments throughout the preparation of the 1981 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. A special thanks is extended to the men and women of the Fleet Air Photographic Laboratory, Naval Air Station, Agana, Guam for their assistance in the reproduction of satellite and graphics data for this report.