Attachments
OVERALL PROGRESS
Context
The United Republic of Tanzania is comprised of the mainland and the islands of Zanzibar, with an estimated total population of more than 65 million. Both natural and human-induced hazards have increased in frequency and scale in Tanzania in recent years. Droughts and floods frequently wreak devastation on the economy, agricultural output, food security, groundwater supplies and hydropower generation.
Tanzania was prioritized by the World Health Organization as one of the risk countries for an Ebola outbreak, given its proximity to Uganda, which suffered an Ebola virus disease epidemic from 2022 to the beginning of 2023. In March 2023, the Ministry of Health announced that seven cases and five deaths of Marburg virus disease (a killer haemorrhagic fever) had been reported in the Kagera region, bordering Rwanda, Uganda and Burundi. The burden of preventable diseases also remained high in the country. Malaria, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis are the major causes of death among adults. Among children under five years of age, malaria, pneumonia and anaemia are the leading causes of death.
Refugee influx is the largest humanitarian crisis that Tanzania currently faces. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Tanzania hosts about 265,000 refugees from Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The refugees are largely accommodated in the Nduta and Nyarugusu camps in the Kigoma region, in the northwest of Tanzania, and some are hosted in urban centres (mainly Dar es Salaam). Refugees in Tanzania remain highly dependent on humanitarian assistance due to restrictive policies and chronic underfunding. Gender-based sexual violence is increasingly becoming a common phenomenon in camps and some tribal settings.