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By Dr Erin McFee, Jonathan Röders, Rimjhim Agrawal, Emma van den Aakster, Daryna Sudachek
Executive Summary
Veteran reintegration in Ukraine is an urgent national and international priority, necessitated by the expected surge in the veteran population from 800,000 to an estimated 2 million. This dramatic increase raises significant concerns about a looming crisis in support services. Without immediate and comprehensive action, the country risks failing to provide adequate care and integration opportunities for those who have served. Communities, particularly in rural areas, are ill-equipped with inclusive infrastructure, making it difficult for veterans with disabilities to participate fully in civil life. The gaps in economic, psychosocial, and community support are stark, and there is a pressing need to enhance state sector services and public facilities to accommodate the diverse needs of returning veterans. Addressing these challenges is a matter of social justice and crucial for maintaining societal cohesion and stability in a nation strained by prolonged conflict.
A vibrant community of grassroots, NGO, and multi-sector initiatives is already leading the way in securing the support Ukraine’s veterans need to reintegrate successfully. This project is intended to learn from, showcase, and extend the efforts underway to strengthen the fabric of Ukrainian society and honor the sacrifices made by those who defended the country. This report offers a nuanced analysis of the myriad challenges faced by these men and women, as well as their families and receiving communities. It highlights the diverse identities, generational differences, and unique needs of veterans, alongside the significant gaps in mental health services, medical care, and economic opportunities. By synthesizing these insights, the report aims to inform policymakers, practitioners, and researchers about effective strategies and recommendations for supporting veterans’ reintegration and enhancing their well-being.
The data collection process for this study was multifaceted, abductive, and participatory, encompassing both extensive fieldwork and a comprehensive literature review. Corioli Institute researchers conducted 41 in-depth interviews with diverse stakeholders, including veterans, reintegration program directors, caseworkers, civil society professionals, volunteers, and policymakers. These interviews were conducted in key locations such as Kyiv, Kalush, and Kostiantynivka between August and September 2023. This data informed the design of the "Out of War" conference held at the London School of Economics in October 2023, where international and multi-sectoral participants shared their experiences and comparative insights with Ukrainian counterparts, enriching the understanding of key areas of concern. This mixed-methods, iterative, and engaged approach ensured a robust and comprehensive understanding of the current state and challenges of veteran reintegration in Ukraine.
The desk review included in this project report provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on veteran reintegration in Ukraine, highlighting key demographic characteristics, service profiles, legal frameworks, and the constellation of actors involved in the process. It details existing legal protections and benefits, the roles of state and civil society in supporting veterans, and the significant gaps and obstacles in current reintegration efforts. By presenting these elements, the report underscores the complexity of veteran reintegration and the need for tailored, multi-faceted approaches to address the unique needs of Ukraine's veterans.