Uganda: National Mpox Situation Report | May 8, 2025

Key Points:

1. Epidemic remains active. Despite a reported decline in incident cases, transmission is ongoing and widespread, with 79% (115/146) of districts affected and 46%(67/146) reporting new cases in the past 21 days.

2. Testing rates have reduced. The observed drop in reported cases coincides with reduced testing, making it unclear whether the decline reflects true epidemiological improvement or under-detection.

3. High-risk mortality observed. A total of 41 deaths have occurred among confirmed cases, over half (56.1%) of whom were co-infected with HIV.

4. Young adults are disproportionately affected. Attack rates are highest among females aged 25–29 (3.4/100,000) and males aged 35–39 (4.9/100,000). This represents a marginal increase in attack rates in these population group compared to last week which signifies continued increase in transmission.

5. Urban and fishing communities remain epicenters. The highest transmission has been recorded in Kampala, Mbarara, Hoima, Masaka, and the fishing communities of Kalangala, Nakasongola, Buvuma, and Kyotera. A new hotspot has emerged in Lyantonde District.

6. Key populations drive transmission. Transmission continues to be concentrated among key populations, particularly sex workers. Investigations are ongoing in Masaka and Mbarara to assess evolving dynamics.