Attachments
Context
Türkiye hosts the largest refugee population in the world including around 2.33 million Syrians under temporary protection1 and approximately 178,399 international protection applicants and status holders from other countries.2 To address the needs of to the protection of Syrians under temporary protection and international protection applicants and status holders, as well as vulnerable Turkish citizens, cash and voucher assistance (CVA) has been employed as an effective means of assistance in Türkiye by humanitarian partners. Following the large-scale emergency response triggered by the February 2023 earthquakes, which affected eleven provinces in southeast Türkiye, humanitarian actors have gradually phased out blanket emergency programming. Despite progress in reconstruction and recovery, some affected families, particularly those who are facing compounded vulnerabilities, continue to face challenges in accessing adequate housing, essential services, and stable income opportunities in the affected provinces. Since the developments in Syria in late 2024, self-organised voluntary returns have gained immediate relevance as a potential pathway towards durable solutions. However, a significant proportion of refugees are expected to remain in Türkiye for the foreseeable future, including individuals who are unable or unwilling to return. In parallel, the evolving funding landscape has resulted in a scale-down of activities by several humanitarian actors. This contraction in operational capacity, particularly among NGO partners, has required strict prioritisation of assistance in 2026. Within this context, cash actors continue to monitor movement dynamics, protection considerations, and basic needs trends to ensure that assistance remains principled, targeted, and responsive to the changing environment