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In late 2015, IOM launched a Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Flow Monitoring system, aiming to monitor Mixed Migration Flows to Europe by land and sea. Since then, DTM gathers, validates and disseminates information on migrants and refugees entering Europe through four main routes:
- Eastern Mediterranean route (EMR): arrivals by sea and land to Bulgaria, Cyprus and Greece
- Central Mediterranean route (CMR): arrivals by sea to Italy and Malta
- Western Mediterranean route (WMR): arrivals by sea to the Peninsular Coasts of Spain, Balearic Islands, by land to the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla
- Western African Atlantic route (WAAR): arrivals by sea to the Canary Islands of Spain
DTM also monitors data on migrants in transit through the Western Balkan route (WBR), including data from Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Kosovo*. These are considered separately to prevent, to the extent possible, the double counting of the same people, crossing multiple borders. Finally, DTM compiles data on migrants entering Romania and Slovenia by land, typically after having crossed the Western Balkans or Bulgaria.
This report presents the latest available data and trends, focusing on the first quarter of 2025 and comparing it with the same period in Q1 2024.