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Sudan is experiencing one of the world's most severe humanitarian crises, fueled by a civil war that began in April 2023. The conflict has displaced 11.5 million people, making it the largest internal displacement crisis globally, with children comprising over half of the displaced population (UNHCR). In late 2024, offensives by the armed groups resulted in territorial gains but were marked by atrocities, including massacres in Gezira State that claimed over 300 lives. The war has crippled Sudan’s economy, leaving nearly 26 million people acutely food insecure. Famine conditions have been reported in North Darfur’s Zamzam camp and other conflict-affected areas, including South Darfur, South Kordofan, West Darfur, West Kordofan, Al Jazirah and Khartoum, which are classified as IPC Phase 5 (Integrated Food Security Phase Classification), marked by starvation, malnutrition, and mortality (UNICEF). Over 30% of children in some regions suffer from severe malnutrition, while less than 25% of health facilities remain operational (WHO). Disease outbreaks such as cholera and measles are escalating, and women and girls face increased risks of violence and exploitation. Despite $200 million in aid from the U.S., the response remains inadequate. With two-thirds of the population requiring urgent assistance, immediate action and global engagement are critical.
The crisis has destabilized neighboring South Sudan, where violent clashes along the Sudan-South Sudan border have displaced hundreds of thousands. Over 901,000 people have been recorded crossing into South Sudan at the beginning of December 2024, with an additional 337,000 people expected to arrive in 2025, overwhelming healthcare facilities (UN-OCHA).
A cholera outbreak in Renk, South Sudan, has further strained resources, with 509 cases and three deaths reported by December 31, 2024.
Chad is facing a severe humanitarian crisis, with 6.9 million people in need of aid, including 1.1 million refugees and 386,000 Forcibly Displaced Persons (FDPs). Conflict, Climate shocks, and economic instability worsen the situation.
According to a recent need assessment conducted by Relief International, Wadi Fira hosts over 86,000 Sudanese refugees, including 20,500 new arrivals in late 2024. In October 2024, 120 households arrived in Tiné from El Fasher and Al Geneina. Despite these numbers, 89% of refugees and host communities lack clean water. Tiné has 27 health workers, but only one doctor and one midwife, with no MHPSS training. There are critical shortages of essential medications.