Sudan Donor Update 30 Jul 2003

URGENT NEEDS IN NUTRITION, HEALTH, FAMILY SHELTER and RELIEF, and MINE RISK EDUCATION
1. EMERGENCY OVERVIEW AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Ceasefires provide opportunity to demonstrate Peace Dividends

The cessation of hostilities between the GoS and the SPLM/A in the second half of 2002, and the Nuba Mountains cease-fire, under the Joint Monitoring Mission (JMM), have been extended, continuing to allow humanitarian access to a greater number of vulnerable people and providing tangible evidence of the dividends of peace. The cease-fires have increased the movement and resettlement of populations in areas severely affected by the war. The lack of basic services in these areas continues to cause immense suffering. In January 2003, the UN was granted first-time access to Southern Blue Nile, following negotiations between the UN and the GoS and the SPLM. A Civilian Protection Monitoring Team (CPMT), comprised of observers from Australia, Canada, Ireland and the USA, was charged with investigating abuses against civilians by both parties.

Negotiations for a comprehensive resolution to the long-running civil conflict, under the auspices of the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) continue. Critical issues, including aspects of power and revenue sharing as well as the position of Abyei, southern Blue Nile and Nuba Mountains regions have been addressed, but no decisions have yet been announced. To facilitate preparations for implementing a final peace agreement and for providing international assistance, Donor Working Group meetings on the Sudan were held in late 2002/early 2003 in Geneva, Oslo and The Hague.

High Levels of Malnutrition

Assessments undertaken by local authorities, UN agencies and INGOs during the first half of the year continued to reveal alarmingly high rates of malnutrition ranging from 20 to 40% global acute malnutrition in both GoS and SPLM/A areas, particularly in Unity, Upper Nile, Jonglei, Bahr el Ghazal and Red Sea State. Rates from Equatoria are somewhat better. Analysts predict that despite the advent of the rains, the food security situation for large areas of southern Sudan will remain at emergency levels (with the exception of Western Equatoria, which is classified as food secure and a surplus area). The situations in Bieh, Gogrial, Aweil West, Latjor, Ruweng, Shilluk, Boma and Leech are particularly precarious. In addition to insecurity, use of unsafe drinking water, prevalence of diseases and low level of sanitation and hygiene are cited as contributing causes.

New Displacements

Despite the cease-fires, population displacements continue, with an estimated 96,000 persons displaced or "re-displaced" as a result of sporadic armed conflict. Unity State/Western Upper Nile continues to host the highest number of newly displaced persons-- roughly 70,000 since August 2002¹ and an additional 6,000 since January 2003 as a result of armed conflict in the surrounding areas. Insecurity continues to hamper provision of urgently needed health, nutrition, water and sanitation and education assistance.

Yellow Fever

In early May, a suspected outbreak in Imatong, southern Sudan was confirmed as Yellow Fever. Although the majority of cases are in Imatong, cases were also reported in Isoke, Iketek, Lohitihiti, Obira village and Chahari village. A total of 192 cases and 62 deaths were reported by 21 July. Case fatality rate is normally between 20-50% and vertical transmission occurs through mosquitoes. Because the mosquito eggs are also infected, the disease is re-emergent even after the dry season, and the only means to stop transmission is massive immunization.

Greater Darfur Region

Conflict between the GoS and SLM², and among different ethnic groups around Jebel Marra, has displaced an estimated 30,000 persons since December 2002, killed dozens of civilians and deprived thousands of others of housing and livelihoods. IDPs usually seek refuge with relatives and in schools around Ed Da'ein, Nyala, El Fursan and Kass Provinces in the relatively secure South Darfur. Three years of consecutive drought and lack of access for security reasons compound the already volatile humanitarian situation and disrupt traditional coping mechanisms of an estimated 20% of the total Darfur population of 4 million. Movement of humanitarian workers is currently restricted to the towns of Ed Da'ein, El Fasher, Nyala and El Geneina and movement outside the towns is limited.

Measles

Outbreaks of measles were reported in South Kordofan and West Kordofan States, with almost 400 cases and 14 deaths. Almost a quarter of the total cases had been previously vaccinated, indicating that the antigen provided to these children may not have been potent enough to confer immunity due to a breakdown in the cold chain. The un-vaccinated children were reported to have been predominantly displaced from the south or to be returnees from the northern part of the country (Medani in Gezira state). A review of the EPI programme in the Nuba Mountains will be conducted to identify weak points.

Juba and Sobat River Barge Operations

A WFP barge operation on the White Nile successfully reached 16 locations between Malakal and Juba towns delivering supplied for some 300,000 beneficiaries. The operation was delayed for several months, but resumed in May following an agreement reached in Nairobi between GoS, SPLA/M and the UN. UNICEF used the barge to deliver supplies for health, education and WES projects in Bor and Juba. The operation resulted in considerable financial savings compared to delivery by air.

2. UNICEF RESPONSE: ACTIVITIES, ACHIEVEMENTS AND CONSTRAINTS

Interventions focus on response to acute crisis arising from war and natural disasters; meeting the needs of both displaced and host populations; emergency preparedness and creating an enabling environment for child protection, grassroots peace building, and human rights promotion. UNICEF interventions in the northern sector are focused on the most war-affected states, regions affected by drought and communities with the lowest social wellbeing indicators for children. Activities are implemented in collaboration with government line ministries and administrative structures at the federal, state and locality levels, community-based organisations and NGOs. In the southern sector, UNICEF implements programmes -- such as maintenance of water points, delivery of education kits, immunization programmes, and emergency preparedness and response -- in all accessible areas. Alongside these activities, UNICEF's focus area strategy is designed to maximize the impact of our humanitarian assistance for children and women in Rumbek, Yambio, Nyal/Ganyiel, Aweil West/North/East, Shilluk and the Nuba Mountains. In these areas traditional programmes are accelerated in order to help communities meet the basic needs of 80% of their population in five years. All interventions are implemented in close coordination with local authorities, counterparts and communities in order to build southern Sudanese capacity to manage services, protect their children, and create new opportunities for themselves in an era of possible peace.

Health & Nutrition

The fight against Malaria continues: In collaboration with WHO and the GoS Ministry of Health, UNICEF sponsored a Malaria conference for Malaria Directorates and Malaria Administration units of 17 states. Held in North Kordofan, the workshop discussed malaria control with special emphasis on vector control and the re-impregnation of bed nets.

C-IMCI: UNICEF, in collaboration with local authorities and with support from CCM, conducted an 8-day training in April for health workers on Community-Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (C-IMCI) in Yambio County. The training was attended by 40 health workers drawn from various health facilities supported by UNICEF in the county. C-IMCI is seen as a means for increasing health service availability for the under-five age group using set guidelines to target children with fever, diarrhoea and respiratory illnesses. The programme trains community based health volunteers in early diagnosis and treatment by identifying and quantifying these three main symptoms of disease and following simplified treatment algorithms. This was the first in a series of trainings to be conducted in all UNICEF focus areas in southern Sudan.

Protecting children against immunisable diseases: UNICEF continued to supply implementing partners throughout the country with vaccines, syringes, cold chain maintenance materials and other EPI supplies for routine immunisation and special campaigns. With the objective of raising immunisation coverage of children under five years in selected northern localities with low coverage, UNICEF supported the EPI departments of Kordofan Ministries of Health to conduct two rounds of multi-antigen acceleration campaigns in Kadugli town, Heiban, Um Lobia, Abu Nawara, Salara and 15 localities in West Kordofan State. Thirty-four people from the health cadre and EPI focal points from 17 administrative units in the state were trained as trainers, to strengthen the health cadres and community capabilities to sustain regular routine immunisation services. In southern sector, the TT3 campaign in Aweil West reached 69,870 women and 31,686 women in Mundri. One of the key benefits of the pulse campaigns in southern Sudan has been the development of county level micro-plans, which are being used to reinvigorate routine immunization programmes. Two EPI coordination meetings have been conducted in the southern sector, bringing together all EPI implementing partners. The emphases of the meetings were: developing county level microplans for routine EPI, social mobilization and programme communication and reporting for EPI activities. For the first-time a Mid-level Management (MLM) Course for southern Sudan EPI managers was conducted in May 2003. As part of an ongoing effort to ensure sustainability of the EPI programme, a total of 35 southern Sudanese EPI managers were equipped to identify and solve key problems that hinder good performance of the EPI programme and to manage the operational support components of the programme with technical and financial support from The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI), UNICEF Regional Office and Kenya Ministry of Health.

Polio Eradication efforts continue with Sub-National Immunisation Days (SNIDs): SNIDs for children under five were conducted in low coverage localities in South and West Kordofan, Upper Nile, Jonglei and Bahr el Jebel States and in the southern sector in March and April 2003. The campaign reached 270,000 (110% of the target) children under five in the northern sector, and 1.7 million (103% of target) in the southern sector. High coverage rates in the northern sector were attributed to arrival of nomads and returnees to their original locations. Compilation of data is nearly complete and official report will be circulated shortly. In the southern sector, high coverage rates were attributed to improved security under the current ceasefire. Vitamin A was given to 1,466,767 children in the southern sector during the second round and 1,225 Guinea worm endemic villages were identified by the vaccination teams.

Meningitis: In response to increasing numbers of acute cerebro-spinal meningitis cases reported, UNICEF provided 138,000 doses of CSM vaccine for campaigns in South Kordofan and 72,500 doses for campaigns in Pieri in Upper Nile, Kauda in Nuba mountains and Marial Bai in Northern Bahr el Ghazal.

Measles: In response to a mild outbreak of measles in Unity State, 27,060 children (6-15 months old) were vaccinated. Another 22,382 children were immunised during an EPI acceleration campaign in Bentiu, Rubkona, Tong and Thwang villages. Vaccination against measles was also implemented in 13 villages in Lagawa Province, West Kordofan. Increased disease surveillance in the southern sector under the Early Warning and Response Network (EWARN) has resulted in increased reports on outbreaks in 2003. A total of 63,340 doses of measles vaccine were provided to respond to outbreaks or early warning alerts in Wunroc, Akuem, Malual Kon and Mapel.

Yellow Fever: In response to the Yellow Fever outbreak in Imotong, UNICEF collaborated with WHO and agencies on ground to organize mass vaccination for the unaffected population in Torit County and the neigbouring counties of Budi and Magwi. UNICEF facilitated the acquisition of 40,000 doses of vaccine on loan from the Kenya Immunization programme (which are to be replenished once vaccines ordered for this purpose by WHO are received) and chartered a flight to deliver vaccines to Torit in order to initiate a speedy response and stop the spread of disease. UNICEF also provided US$24,000 towards operational costs for the campaign and provision of mosquito nets, prioritizing affected persons and those living in close proximity. No cases were reported in GoS areas, but a campaign was also implemented in GoS areas of Juba and Torit towns to vaccinate high-risk groups.

HIV/AIDS: UNICEF has emphasized cross-sectoral inclusion of HIV/AIDS awareness in all training events. Two orientation courses on HIV/AIDS transmission and control measures were conducted for 40 community members (youth police, Imams, health cadre, teachers, women's association and union leaders) in S. Kordofan. HIV/AIDS messages were disseminated to some 7,000 people through popular venues such as mosques, churches and 30 women's groups. Southern sector also reached more than 24,000 people with HIV/AIDS awareness messages through the efforts of a folklore group and AIDS Awareness Team in Rumbek and Yambio during the first quarter of 2003. HIV/AIDS awareness workshops were also held in Aweil East and in Pagak, Western Upper Nile, reaching more than 100 community leaders and health workers. HIV/AIDS programme management was a topic at a capacity building workshop for basic project management that trained 29 participants (14 women) from various community-based organizations in Yambio. As part of an effort to introduce Voluntary Counseling and Testing to southern Sudan, five people from Yambio attended a one-week workshop on VCT. Refresher training, including HIV/AIDS awareness sessions, was provided for 40 TBAs in Yambio.

Action against Malnutrition:

UNICEF continued assisting Therapeutic Feeding Centres (TFC) with BP5, F-100, F-75 and UNIMIX for severely malnourished children. During the reporting period, UNIMIX was provided to all Supplementary Feeding Centres (SFC) in Malakal. In the southern sector, UNICEF supported Tearfund to enrol 150 severely malnourished children in TFCs in Aweil South and southern Bor counties and provided medical drugs for these children and an additional 1,150 children enrolled in SFCs. BP5 biscuits (3.6 MT) were supplied to the Diocese of Rumbek to support child TB patients in Mapourdit, Rumbek, Agangrial, Tonj and Marial Lou. Nutrition and heath education and growth monitoring are ongoing in all health and feeding centres in the northern sector. UNICEF is advocating for integration of growth monitoring activities in primary health care units throughout southern Sudan. As a first step, growth-monitoring equipment is being provided to the health units within Community Centres. Curative feeding interventions have been and still are employed to address the observed rates.

Family Shelter and Relief

Having pre-positioned supplies at hand, UNICEF was able to respond promptly with blankets, plastic sheets, soap and other items to a fire that destroyed several hundred dwellings in El Reika village in the Nuba Mountains. Relief and shelter materials were also provided for newly displaced in the Sobat area, and for returnees to Malakal. Some 60 families residing in schools in Juba towns were relocated to Jebel Kijoor displaced camp. UNICEF provided plastic sheeting for shelter and for roofing material for temporary schools. Educational materials for the IDP school were also supplied.

Water and Sanitation

WES project activities in the GoS-controlled areas since the beginning of 2003 have resulted in the availability of safe water for over 40,000 people and sanitary facilities for over 12,000 people. In southern sector, maintenance and creation of water points during 2003 has given 300,000 people access to safe water. A total of 272 household latrines were installed in addition to communal and school latrines. Capacity building is a primary focus of the WES programme and training events year-to-date include: pumps mechanics course (1), platform construction course (1), spring catchment course (1), community water committee sessions (18), and hygiene promoters' sessions (39). Public sessions (263) to promote hygiene awareness reached 30,500 villagers throughout southern Sudan.

North Kordofan: Two water yards and one school latrine have been completed, 33 handpumps rehabilitated, 60 household latrines and 200 san-plats constructed. Hygiene education sessions were conducted in Tayiba Girls' and Gabrat El Sheikh schools to enhance knowledge and skills in adopting healthy behaviours and disseminating health/sanitation messages. Eight school societies consisting of 30 pupils each were formed to disseminate the WES messages to the school and community members.

Nuba Mountains: Forty handpumps were installed, 26 handpumps were rehabilitated and 49 HH latrines and 7 school latrines constructed in Shenabla, Dilling and Kadugli localities. 120 HP mechanics were trained in Talodi Locality (39% female), and Village Health Committees (VHCs) were formed and trained in Kalogi, Talodi, Korongo A/Alla, Katcha, Tessi, Kailak, El behair, El Hanboula and Mango Abu El Lebai and Lagawavillages and their catchment areas. Training included water source operation & maintenance, and hygiene and sanitation promotion. Two water yards were constructed in Lagawa province along with construction of 10 school latrines and 341 HH latrines in Lagawa and El Fula towns. Ten school health societies (200 students) were also formed and trained on hygiene and sanitation promotion. A KAP survey for sanitation was conducted to furnish the project with baseline information, which will be used for assessing the progress and impact of WES interventions. It will also assist in verifying and updating the MICS 2000 results. Drilling in SPLM areas is ongoing through the Diocese of El Obeid. To date, one borehole in Kishama is complete and 11 sites were previously checked with the geophysics. Twelve handpumps were repaired while re-training counterparts.

Greater Upper Nile: A joint project between CARE, UNICEF and Unity State Government has completed construction of a water treatment plant and distribution network for Rubkona. Construction of 400 improved latrines in Bentiu and Rubkona is under way. The project includes a strong health and hygiene education component. In Southern sector, 6 boreholes were drilled in Panyijar and two hand drilled boreholes completed in Midwest Upper Nile. Thirty-one hand pumps were maintained/repaired and 18 water points fenced.

Bahr El Ghazal: Ten boreholes have been completed and 201 handpumps rehabilitated in Aweil West and North. Nine platforms were also rehabilitated and 148 water points fenced thus far in 2003. VLCTs (Village level caretakers) in 25 locations were trained, including 12 women. Thirty-nine sessions for hygiene promoters were conducted, training 76 people including 42 women. A course for pump mechanics trained nine men. To promote proper sanitation habits, seven twin blocs of latrines were built in schools, as well as 40 communal latrines and 176 individual household units. The drama team held five performances, spreading hygiene messages to more than 500 people.

Blue Nile: Although water interventions in the newly accessible area of southern Blue Nile were prioritized, various security and transport constraints have delayed progress. A drilling rig is currently onsite to drill 10 boreholes. Meanwhile, hygiene messages have been disseminated and counterparts in the Kurmuk area have been trained on maintenance and repair of handpumps.

Laboratory and WES Database: Chemical and bacteriological analyses were completed at the Rumbek based water laboratory to test water safety and inform communities of harmful bacteria. One counterpart staff member and one NGO laboratory technician received on-the-job bacteriology analysis training. Two other counterparts were trained to use and update the WES database, perform field checks and plot maps.

Education

Equatoria: UNICEF supported the construction 6 schools (2 each) in Kuku Camp A, Tongping and Lobonok displaced camps with 150 zinc sheets for each school for the roofing. The classrooms were constructed with raw bricks made locally.

South Kordofan: 27 schools were provided with educational materials for over 5,000 pupils (39.2% girls). Over 1,500 school benches were distributed to 20 schools in Kadugli and Dilling localities, for the benefit of over 4,500 children. Social mobilisation activities in the state included field visits to ten locations in Buram and Bitrol localities/administrative units to mobilise the communities to participate in the rehabilitation of ten schools. UNICEF provided 100 metric tons of cement, 360 windows, 80 doors, 40 cupboards, and other rehabilitation materials. Other social mobilisation activities encouraged nomadic communities to enrol more children in schools, especially the girl child. Ten locations were visited in South Kordofan State, which resulted in the establishment of six new schools in Abujebiha, Rashad, Dilling and Talodi localities.

West Kordofan: UNICEF supported the rehabilitation of eight schools. Mobilisation campaigns in small villages and nomad communities where enrolment rates are low have resulted in the increased enrolment of girls.

Southern Sudan: In January, UNICEF introduced a pilot Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) programme in 20 Yambio County schools. After virtually eliminating absenteeism in the initial 20 schools, the programme was extended in April to 31 additional schools in Rumbek and Nuba Mountains. An estimated 3,000 lower primary students are benefiting from the daily broadcasts of English language lessons developed by the South African Open Learning System Education Trust (OLSET). Both teachers and students have responded with enthusiasm to the lessons, which are transmitted via satellite to solar powered world space receivers in each classroom. The team from South Africa has also been providing training and technical support to teachers. An evaluation of this pilot project at the end of the year will show whether the intervention has potential for scaling up.

As part of the ongoing effort to increase girls' access to education, UNICEF opened 58 one-room schools for village girls in Rumbek, Aweil West, Nyal/Ganyiel and Aburoc. This will ensure access to education for more than 2,000 young girls ages seven and ten. Each new school receives supplies and textbooks, along with two-weeks of teacher training and regular supervision and monthly cluster trainings. In collaboration with other education partners, UNICEF plans to open as many as 150 village girls' schools in the three sub-regions of southern Sudan by the end of the year.

UNICEF southern sector delivered 755 education kits to Western Equatoria, Nuba and Shilluk, benefiting an estimated 150,000 enrolled pupils. Distribution of 1,000 education kits and 270 emergency education kits to Bahr el Ghazal and Upper Nile was completed in June. In total, approximately 360,000 southern Sudanese children and their teachers will receive basic writing and teaching supplies. Training for 740 teachers was also supported in Upper Nile, Bahr el Ghazal, Equatoria and Nuba. In cooperation with the SPLM Secretariat of Education and AET, UNICEF also supported the School Baseline Assessment (SBA) workshop. The total number of schools assessed under the project is 1,499 including 79 schools in Nuba. In May, UNICEF supported the local education office in Nuba and NRRDO to organize an education workshop. The workshop serves as a foundation for the development of policy, action plans and implementation guidelines for education in SPLM areas of Nuba Mountains.

Protection, Human Rights, Rule of Law

Abductions: Retrieval of abductees is on going in Mujlad, Tibun, El Fula, Debab,El Setaib and El Meiram areas in W. Kordofan. To date, 111 people (86 females and 25 males) have been were retrieved in 2003, and the reunification of 37 women and children has been finalised. In April, 18 abductees were reunified with their families in West Kordofan. Another 22 abductees are in transitional centres in El Fula awaiting reunification. UNICEF in collaboration with CEAWAC continues with the training of Joint Tribal Committees (JTCs) from the Dinka and Messeriya tribes. Some 80 people were trained in El Fula and Mujlad towns.

Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration: In early 2003 UNICEF's Protection programme conducted an in-depth review of ongoing demobilization and disarmament projects and subsequently prioritized dialogue with children, counterparts and NGOs to identify the most appropriate and sustainable ways to incorporate child protection into formal authority structures in the south. UNICEF will continue to support the SPLM Child Soldiers Task Force Coordinator's Office in the final stages of an ongoing effort to demobilise some 10,000 children in their ranks. In addition, UNICEF and other child-focused agencies in the north and south, are lobbying for a peace agreement to include text that prioritises immediate demobilisation and release of all children in armed forces throughout Sudan.

Addressing Landmines and Sexual Abuse: In April, UNICEF created a Mine Risk Education post for southern Sudan to complement strategies already in place in GoS areas. A consultant was also hired in May to create a training package on sexual behavior and the prevention of sexual abuse of children and beneficiaries by people in positions of power. The training package will be completed in July and will be available to sister agencies working in Sudan.

Child Friendly Communities Initiative (CFCI)

Major activities carried out in GoS-controlled areas include rapid assessment in Blue Nile, Upper Nile, Unity and Bahr el Jebel states to develop interventions responsive to the situation in these states, orientation of government counterparts and community to participatory planning techniques and methodologies, and the establishment of 330 Community Development Committees (CDC) to facilitate community involvement in the planning and implementation of social sector activities, with special focus on the most vulnerable and poor communities. In the southern sector focus areas of Rumbek, Yambio, Nyal/Ganyeil, Aweil West/North/East, Shilluk and Nuba Mountains, 39 Community Centres are operational, giving children basic education, primary health care services, immunizations, safe drinking water and sanitary latrines with hand washing facilities. Over 150,000 people are benefiting from the provision of these integrated basic social services. Fifty-three new centres are planned for 2003/2004 and community mobilisation and construction has begun at various sites. A review of the programme in early 2003 resulted in a shift of implementation responsibilities from UNICEF to local authorities. As part of this process, UNICEF has supported the SPLM to appoint and train a total of 18 Community Development Officers, who will be responsible to mobilise communities and oversee programme implementation.

Keeping Communities informed

As part of the effort to inform and educate the general public on basic facts-for-life with special attention to HIV/AIDS awareness, personal and environmental hygiene, and peace education, actions were initiated to enhance the coverage of the community radio project in South Kordofan, Upper Nile and Kassala. The establishment of 10 community listening groups among traditional birth attendants (TBA) in Kassala ensured that TBAs receive informative messages on reproductive health care services, the rights of the girl-child and the harmful effects of female genital mutilation. In the southern sector, new VSAT equipment was installed at two Information Centres in Rumbek and Yambio. Internet services were introduced at the Information Centres in 2002 and were received with great enthusiasm by communities that previously had no link to the outside world. Internet access was initially established through the UNICEF gateway, but the new equipment will give these resource centres an independent internet link. The Information Centres are playing an active role in preparing southern Sudanese communities for peace by increasing access to factual information, enhancing civil society and building capacity, especially among the youth, to use information systems.

Security for Southern Sudan

Throughout the year the Security Team has maintained coverage of 80-90 locations in southern Sudan, enabling all other OLS and UNICEF programme activities. In the first half of the year, the team has provided security training for more than 400 personnel, performed 35 MEDEVACS and relocated 116 staff members from insecure areas to safety.

3. APPEAL REQUIREMENTS, RECEIPTS AND CURRENT NEEDS

Within the framework of the UN Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal (CAP) for 2003, UNICEF requested funds amounting to US$56.8 million for emergency programme interventions. These requirements were revised to US$52.4 million in the May mid-year review of the CAP. As of 15 September, US$ 26.7 million has been received against the Appeal. The tables below show a breakdown of UNICEF requirements and receipts by donor and sector.

*The contribution received for the Kassala Floods are not included in this Table.

**In-kind contributions of Water/Sanitation personnel have also been received for the Northern and Southern Area Programmes from Switzerland

4. IMPACT OF UNDER-FUNDING AND CURRENT PRIORITIES

Resources are needed to assist 3.4 million Sudanese who remain dependent on relief aid for survival. Of this number, some 1.67million presently reside in SPLM/A controlled areas and 1.71 million are in Government of Sudan (GoS) controlled areas, including 800,000 drought victims and 96,000 newly displaced persons. The priority humanitarian concerns for the remainder of the year include support to populations displaced in Unity State/Western Upper Nile, Kassala and Darfur; drought affected victims in Red Sea, Darfur, Butana plains, northern Bahr el Ghazal and Blue Nile; and severe malnutrition due to chronic food insecurity. The humanitarian response to acute levels of malnutrition in southern Sudan is still constrained by the limited resources and an absence of technically oriented persons to oversee interventions.

Footnotes

¹ The new IDPs are concentrated around Bentiu (27,000), Rubkona (25,500), Mayom (7,830), Pariang (4,033), Tor (1,066), Kumagon (869) and Biu (800).

² Sudan Liberation Movement

Further details of the Sudan Emergency Programme can be obtained from:

Ms. JoAnna VanGerpen
UNICEF Representative
Sudan
Tel: + 249 11 473 462
Fax: + 249 11 471 126
Email: jvangerpen@unicef.org

Mr. Bernt Aasen
Dep. Hum.Co-ordinator
OLS, Nairobi
Tel: + 254 20 622406
Fax: + 254 20 622676
Email: baasen@unicef.org

Olivier Degreef
UNICEF EMOPS
Geneva
Tel: + 41 22 909 5655
Fax: + 41 22 909 5902
Email: odegreef@unicef.org

Dan Rohrmann
UNICEF PFO
New York
Tel: 1 212 326 7009
Fax: 1 212 326 7175
Email: drohrmann@unicef.org