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OVERVIEW
The humanitarian situation in Sudan has deteriorated in 2022, with the total number of persons in need of humanitarian assistance estimated at 14.3 million by the Humanitarian Needs Overview , including 925,000 refugees as outlined in the Country Refugee Response Plan . With refugees having fled their countries of origin, often with very few belongings and arriving to face persistent barriers in accessing basic services and livelihoods, they remain particularly vulnerable.
Sudan’s economy has remained in crisis, with inflation rates at over 100% for the majority of the year. The resulting rising prices of staple food items and fuel have been compounded by the impact of global events, culminating in significant loss of household purchasing power. Refugees, often unable to access formal labour markets, are specifically at risk of knock-on effects of economic crisis, including heightened protection risks and barriers to access basic services.
By the end of 2022, Sudan has come to host 1.13 million refugees and asylum-seekers as the Government of Sudan continues to graciously maintain an open-door policy for those fleeing their countries of origin in search of safety. Placing as the second largest refugee hosting country on the continent, the refugee and asylum-seeker population includes both new arrivals and protracted caseloads, living in camp, settlement, urban and rural settings.
An estimated 39% live in 24 camps, often affected by camp enforcement policies severely limiting freedom of movement and thereby placing barriers on access to livelihoods and avenues for integration. Protection risks further remain central to the humanitarian context facing refugees in Sudan and require humanitarian and development support to realize self-reliance and solutions.
Of the more than one million refugees in Sudan, approximately 796,000 are from South Sudan, with many having been in Sudan since before South Sudan’s cessation and facing protracted displacement. South Sudan continues to also be the country of origin for the largest number of new arrivals, with 36,627 new arrivals in 2022.
Eritrean refugees make up the second largest refugee population, with approximately 134,000 in Sudan. Large portions of the Eritrean refugee population settle in camps in the East, however onward movement trends also continue in response to gaps in basic services and livelihoods access. Other refugee population groups include approximately 93,000 Syrian, more than 70,000 Ethiopian, close to 24,000 Central African Republicans, and others. The full refugee population is composed of approximately 47% female and 53% male, including 43% children, 52% adults, and 5% elderly