Asia and the Pacific: Southeast and South Asia Cyclones and Floods Humanitarian Snapshot (Covering 17 November to 3 December 2025)

Catastrophic flooding and landslides, driven by intensifying cyclones and seasonal monsoons, are devastating communities across South and Southeast Asia. Since 17 November, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Thailand, Viet Nam and Malaysia have been among the hardest hit, facing record-breaking rainfall, storm surges and widespread inundation.

SRI LANKA

On 28 November, Cyclone Ditwah made landfall, bringing torrential rainfall and destructive winds and triggered widespread flooding and landslides and is believed to be the worst floods in recent history. While authorities have successfully restored several primary road networks, significant infrastructure disruptions persist, including widespread power outages due to floods and landslides. The Government is taking the lead in search and rescue operations and has allocated Rs. 30 billion for immediate relief.

Concurrently, Southeast Asia has around 9.2 million people affected due to the Northeast Monsoon and tropical disturbances, including Tropical Cyclones SENYAR and KOTO.

INDONESIA

Persistent heavy rains between 22 and 25 November triggered severe floods and landslides in Aceh, West Sumatra and North Sumatra, displacing thousands of people. Priority relief efforts focus on search and rescue operations, meeting the basic needs of displaced people, restoring access to isolated areas, and accelerating relief distribution by land and air.

THAILAND

Monsoon activity has intensified over the Gulf of Thailand, the South and the Andaman Sea since 17 November, bringing widespread torrential rain across southern Thailand. DDPM reports that twelve southern provinces have been affected. Songkhla, one of the hardest-hit provinces, conducted evacuation operations as heavy rainfall and flooding continues. Government is leading the relief operations to the affected communities.

MALAYSIA

In Malaysia, NADMA reports flooding across eight northern states (Kelantan, Perlis, Perak, Selangor, Kedah, Pulau Pinang, Terengganu and Pahang). The Government of Malaysia is leading the response, closely monitoring developments and issuing regular updates and advisories.

VIET NAM

In October, The Viet Nam Joint Response Plan (JRP) was launched to address the profound humanitarian needs caused by the severe and long-lasting 2025 typhoon season, including Typhoons Bualoi and Matmo, which triggered extensive flooding and landslides across six provinces in Northern and Mountain provinces. Central Viet Nam continued to experience persistent flooding and landslides since mid-November. The situation is aggravated by Tropical Cyclone KOTO, located over the northwestern East Sea expected to weaken into a low-pressure system by 2 December.