Attachments
Background
Somalia is facing a 70% likelihood of La Niña conditions lasting from late 2024 into 2025, which
are expected to bring prolonged drought and reduced rainfall. These conditions pose severe risks
to already vulnerable communities, particularly affecting food security, water availability, and
health outcomes. La Niña has historically been associated with severe droughts in the Horn of
Africa, placing significant pressure on pastoral and agropastoral regions dependent on seasonal
rains. Early preparation and anticipatory action are essential to minimize disruptions, particularly
for Somalia's most vulnerable populations.
Early Warning and Anticipatory Action (AA): Somalia’s early warning systems, including
FAO, SWALIM, and FSNAU, are actively monitoring climate and food security indicators to
predict and prepare for drought-related impacts. Information will be widely shared with
communities and partners through various channels to initiate proactive responses and minimize
humanitarian needs.
Geographical and Vulnerability Targeting: Using a multi-layered targeting approach based on
food security, malnutrition rates, climate patterns, and socio-economic vulnerability, 26 districts
have been identified as high-priority areas for interventions. These districts, many classified as
IPC Phase 3+ (Crisis or Emergency), require focused AA efforts to prevent malnutrition and health
crises due to limited access to food and water. Targeting will emphasize households with children
under five, pregnant and lactating women, female-headed households, the elderly, and people with
disabilities.
Priority Districts Most Affected
The following 26 districts are identified as high-risk for drought and food insecurity impacts:
• Southern and Central Regions: Baidoa, Burhakaba, Bardera, Afgooye, Wanlaweyn, Balcad, Jowhar, Beledweyne, Hiraan, El Barde, Wajid, Hudur, Qansaxdheere, Dolow, Kismayo, Dhusamareb, Abudwak
• Puntland: Galkayo, Garowe, Bossaso, Eyl, Qardho, Lasanod, Burtinle, Buhodle, Ceerigaabo
These districts are particularly vulnerable due to limited water infrastructure, high malnutrition
rates, and dependency on seasonal agriculture and livestock.