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Situated along the Western Pacific tropical storm region and the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Philippines is among the most disaster-prone countries in the world. An average of 20 cyclones affect the country each year, triggering floods, landslides, and storm surges that frequently result in the loss of lives, damage to infrastructure, and a severe affect on livelihoods. Located between two major fault lines and with 24 active volcanoes, the Philippines also experiences high levels of seismic and volcanic activity.
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While the Philippines has historically faced significant hydrometeorological hazards, the effects of climate change are causing tropical cyclones to intensify rapidly and unpredictably. Super Typhoon Rai—known locally as Super Typhoon Odette—made landfall over the Philippines in December 2021 after quickly intensifying, affecting approximately 12 million individuals, displacing 3.1 million people, and damaging or destroying an estimated 2.1 million houses. In April 2022, Tropical Storm Megi—known locally as Tropical Storm Agaton—made landfall, affecting approximately 2.3 million people and generating additional humanitarian needs. A few months later in September 2022, Typhoon Noru—known locally as Typhoon Karding—rapidly intensified to a super typhoon before making landfall and compounding the damage from the previous storm. Subsequently, in October 2022, Tropical Storm Nalgae—known locally as Tropical Storm Paeng—affected more than 5.3 million people countrywide.
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During 2023, the eruption of Mayon Volcano in June displaced vulnerable communities and drove increased humanitarian needs. On June 22, U.S. Chargé d’Affaires, a.i., Heather Variava issued a declaration of humanitarian need due to the effects of Mayon Volcano. USAID Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance (USAID/BHA) supported the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to respond to the long-term displacement of approximately 76,000 people through the provision of multi-sector assistance.