Peru Cholera Epidemic Feb 1991 UNDRO Situation Reports 1 - 9

UNDRO 91/0356

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 1
14 FEBRUARY 1991

SITUATION

1. CHOLERA EPIDEMIC WHICH STRUCK COASTAL AREAS OF PERU, AFFECTED LOCALITIES OF PIURA, CHIMBOTE, CHANCAY, HUACHO, CALLAO, METROPOLITAN LIMA, ICA AND IN DEPARTMENT OF LA LIBERTAD. CHIMBOTE AND PIURA AND NEIGHBOURING AREAS MOST AFFECTED.

2. FIRST CASES OCCURRED ON 31 JANUARY IN CHANCAY AND CHIMBOTE.

3. ACCORDING TO WHO/PAHO, SO FAR THERE WERE 11,085 CASES, OF WHICH 2,450 HOSPITALIZED AND 77 DEATHS.

4. PERUVIAN MINISTRY OF HEALTH ORGANIZED WIDE NATIONAL STRUGGLE AGAINST EPIDEMIC, WITH SUPPORT LOCAL HEALTH OFFICIALS. PROPORTIONATELY LOW NUMBER OF DEATHS DUE TO RAPID PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES.

5. IN VIEW OF CHARACTERISTICS OF DISASTER, WHO/PAHO ACTING AS FOCAL POINT FOR INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERREGIONAL COOPERATION. ITS TASK FORCE MEETING DAILY IN WASHINGTON. WHO/PAHO FIELD EXPERTS CO-OPERATING WITH GOVT IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS, EFFORTS TO LOCATE FOCUS OUTBREAK, MEASURES FOR WASTE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL, WATER TREATMENT AND FOOD HANDLING, AND PUBLIC INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS.

6. GUIDELINES FOR CHOLERA CONTROL AND TREATMENT SENT BY WHO/PAHO TO COUNTRIES IN REGION.

INTERNATIONAL APPEAL

7. PERUVIAN GOVERNMENT REQUESTING INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE TOTALLING APPROX. USD 3,9 MILLION AS PER FOLLOWING BREAKDOWN REVIEWED BY UNDRO/WHO:

8. DETAILS ON THIS APPEAL ARE AVAILABLE IN GENEVA WITH WHO ERO/EPR AND UNDRO AND CAN BE MADE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.

CONTRIBUTIONS

9. CASH CONTRIBUTIONS AGAINST THIS APPEAL CAN BE MADE TO WHO AND UNDRO. CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNDRO SHOULD BE PAID TO ACCOUNT NO. 183598-01-10 WITH LLOYDS BANK GENEVA WITH REFERENCE CHOLERA IN PERU.

10. CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND ARE TO DELIVERED TO WHO/PAHO REPRESENTATIVE, CASILLA 2117 LIMA 100 PERU, TEL 51114092000 FAX NO 5114 424634.

11. THESE ARE THE CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED TO UNDRO SO FAR:


(++) - VALUE NOT REPORTED.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)

UNDRO 91/0384

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 2
19 FEBRUARY 1991

SITUATION

1. NUMBER OF VICTIMS OF CHOLERA EPIDEMIC INCREASING. LATEST INFO FROM WHO/PAHO INDICATES 13,768 CONFIRMED CASES, OF WHICH 2,983 HOSPITALIZED AND 90 DEAD AS OF 15 FEBRUARY.

2. PERUVIAN GOVT DECLARED NATIONAL HEALTH EMERGENCY DUE TO LAST FOR 120 DAYS (SINCE BEGINNING) UNTIL END MAY. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TEAMS FROM BOLIVIA, CHILE, CUBA, FRANCE AND USA CO-OPERATING WITH PERUVIAN HEALTH OFFICIALS.

3. NO OFFICIAL CONFIRMATION OF SPREADING OF DISEASE TO OTHER COUNTRIES RECEIVED. ONE CASE REPORTED IN ECUADOR.

NEEDS

4. SEVERAL COUNTRIES RESPONDING GENEROUSLY TO INTERNATIONAL APPEAL IN UNDRO SITREP NO. 1 OF 14 FEBRUARY, THEREBY COVERING PART OF MOST IMMEDIATE EMERGENCY NEEDS.

5. PRIORITY REQUIREMENTS ARE NOW MEANS TO REDUCE OR PREVENT TRANSMISSION: WATER QUALITY CONTROL, CHLORINATION EQUIPMENT, LABORATORY SUPPLIES.

6. NOT ALL DONORS REPORTING CONTRIBUTIONS TO WHO/PAHO, UNDRO OR GOVT. SUCH INFORMATION REQUIRED TO QUANTIFY PRECISE SHORTFALL AGAINST INTERNATIONAL APPEAL.

EXPERTISE/ITEMS NOT REQUIRED AT THIS STAGE

7. PERUVIAN MEDICAL PERSONNEL, IF PROVIDED WITH NECESSARY SUPPLIES, SUFFICIENT. HENCE NO ADDITIONAL FOREIGN MEDICAL PERSONNEL REQUIRED.

8. ACCORDING TO WHO/PAHO, HIGH TECHNOLOGY/HIGH COST EQUIPMENT SUCH AS WATER MOBILE WATER PURIFICATION PLANTS NOT APPROPRIATE IN CURRENT EMERGENCY SITUATION.

9. REQUESTS OF INFORMATION ON NEEDS SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO: WHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE AMERICAS, 525 TWENTY-THIRD STREET N.W., WASHINGTON D.C. 20037, TEL. NO: (202) 861-4325, (202) 861-3399, FAX. NO: (202) 775-4578, TELEX NO: RCA 201535.

10. IV SERUMS AVAILABLE FROM NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES AT LOW COSTS. DONORS ADVISED TO CONTACT GOVT AND WHO/PAHO FOR SUITABLE SOURCES.

CONTRIBUTIONS

11. CASH CONTRIBUTIONS TO WHO/PAHO ARE TO BE MADE TO PAHO'S PD FUND FOR 'CHOLERA OUTBREAK': RIGGS NATIONAL BANK, WASHINGTON, D.C. (ABA) 054000030, PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU, A/C 04-07-080-437 SWIFT: RGGS US 33.

12. THESE ARE CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED TO UNDRO SINCE SITREP NO.1:

(++) - VALUE NOT REPORTED.

13. PRESS REPORTS ALSO CONTRIBUTIONS FROM ADVENIAT (GERMANY), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, FRANCE AND URUGUAY. DETAILS TO BE PROVIDED WHEN AND IF AVAILABLE.

14. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)

UNDRO 91/0402

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 3
22 FEBRUARY 1991

SITUATION

1. EPIDEMIC SPREADING IN RURAL AREAS.

2. LATEST INFO FROM WHO/PAHO INDICATES 22,477 CONFIRMED CASES, OF WHICH 5,122 HOSPITALIZED AND 114 DEAD AS OF 18 FEBRUARY. MOST AFFECTED ARE DEPARTMENTS OF ANCASH, PIURA, LA LIBERTAD AND METROPOLITAN LIMA, AS SHOWN BELOW:

3. HEALTH AUTHORITIES INCREASED PUBLIC WARNINGS TO DRINK ONLY BOILED WATER, DISPOSE OF HUMAN WASTES SAFELY AND HANDLE FOOD HYGIENICALLY, EDUCATION CAMPAIGN HAMPERED BY SANITARY CONDITIONS, HYGIENIC HABITS LINKED TO POVERTY AND STRUCTURAL SHORTAGES OF WATER IN AFFECTED AREAS.

CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED TO UNDRO SINCE SITREP NO. 2:


(++) - VALUE NOT REPORTED.

4. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)

UNDRO 91/0445

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 4
28 FEBRUARY 1991

SITUATION

1. EPIDEMIC EXTENDING OVER CORDILLERA INTO PERUVIAN EAST. ACCORDING TO INFO RECEIVED BY WHO/PAHO ON 27 FEBRUARY, NUMBER OF CASES INCREASED TO 42,272, OF WHICH 9,243 HOSPITALIZED AND 162 DEAD.

2. NEW CASES REPORTED AT AVERAGE RATE 1,000 DAILY. NUMBER OF AFFECTED CHILDREN INCREASING.

3. HEALTH MINISTERS OF BOLIVIA, COLOMBIA, CHILE, ECUADOR, PERU AND VENEZUELA MET ON 27 FEB IN LIMA TO CO-ORDINATE PREVENTIVE ACTION AND EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION AT BORDERS.

4. WHO PRESS RELEASES THIS WEEK ADVISE ON CONTAMINATION RISKS AND SANITATION NORMS FOR TRAVELLERS.

NEEDS

(ACCORDING TO WHO/PAHO)

• 1.5 MILLION REHYDRATION SALTS (IN ADDITION TO THE 3.3 MILLION SALTS ALREADY DISTRIBUTED)
• 70,000 LITRES OF SODIUM CHLORIDE AT 9 PERCENT
• 70,000 VIALS OF RINGER LACTATE
• 70,000 IV EQUIPMENT
• 500,000 WATER PURIFICATION TABLETS (NOT AVAILABLE LOCALLY)

IN ADDITION, SUPPORT IS REQUIRED FOR CHLORINATION EQUIPMENT, DISINFECTION OF WATER TRUCKS AND OTHER URGENT SANITATION MEASURES. CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED TO UNDRO (SINCE SITREP NO. 3):


(++) - VALUE NOT REPORTED.

4. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)

UNDRO 91/0493

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 5
7 MARCH 1991

SITUATION

1. IN ONE WEEK (UNDRO SITREP NO.4 OF 28 FEBRUARY REFERS), AN ADDITIONAL 12,635 CASES AND 96 DEATHS OCCURRED.

2. AS OF 6 MARCH 1991, NUMBER OF CASES TOTALLED 54,907, OF WHICH 12,995 HOSPITALIZED AND 258 DEAD. PUNO AND LORETO NEWLY AFFECTED.

3. EPIDEMIC GEOGRAPHICALLY SPREAD AS FOLLOWS:

NEEDS

4. PENDING UPDATED INFO FROM WHO/PAHO NEEDS REMAIN THE SAME AS THOSE STATED IN UNDRO SITREP. NO. 4.

CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED TO UNDRO (SINCE SITREP NO. 4):


5. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)

UNDRO 91/0559

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 6
19 MARCH 1991

SITUATION

1. AT LEAST 70,000 CHOLERA CASES AND 382 DEAD REPORTED SO FAR.

2. ACCORDING TO LATEST GOVERNMENTAL FIGURES, NUMBER OF CASES TOTALLED 69,339, OF WHICH 18,193 HOSPITALIZED AND 382 DEAD.

3. ALTHOUGH NUMBER OF CASES INCREASING AND EXTENDING THROUGHOUT COUNTRY, PROPORTION OF DEATHS IN RELATION TO CASES REMAINS STABLE THANKS TO CONTINUED TREATMENT AND CONTROL AS WELL AS PUBLIC RESPONSE TO HEALTH EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS.

4. EPIDEMIC GEOGRAPHICALLY SPREAD AS FOLLOWS:

5. NEXT ISSUE OF PAHO EPIDEMIOLOGICAL BULLETIN WILL CONTAIN SPECIAL REPORT AND GUIDELINES ON EPIDEMIC.

NEEDS

6. WATER AND SANITATION MEASURES REMAIN PRIORITY.

7. EQUIPMENT FOR HEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT OF UPTO 300 PATIENTS URGENTLY REQUIRED (LIST AND QUANTITIES AVAILABLE WITH WHO/PAHO AND UNDRO).

INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

8. TOTAL CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED TO UNDRO SO FAR AMOUNT TO US DLRS 4.8 MILLION, EXCLUDING CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND AND SERVICES FOR WHICH NO VALUE WAS INDICATED. BREAKDOWN BY DONOR AVAILABLE WITH UNDRO.

9. FOLLOWING ARE THE CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED SINCE SITREP NO. 5:

:

10. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)

UNDRO 91/0591

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 7
28 MARCH 1991

SITUATION

1. ALMOST 100,000 CHOLERA CASES AND 609 DEAD REPORTED SO FAR.

2. ACCORDING TO LATEST GOVERNMENTAL FIGURES, NUMBER OF PROBABLE CASES TOTALLED 97,115, OF WHICH 31,205 HOSPITALIZED AND 609 DEAD.

3. NORTHERN DEPT OF CAJAMARCA NOW SERIOUSLY AFFECTED, WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF DEATHS. EPIDEMIC GEOGRAPHICALLY SPREAD AS FOLLOWS:

4. WHO'S DIRECTOR GENERAL, DR. HIROSHI NAKAJIMA, IN FIELD VISIT TO PERU, ESTIMATED TOTAL COSTS OF EPIDEMIC AT USD ONE BILLION AND APPEALED FOR INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE TO MEDICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND FOR STRENGTHENING WATER AND SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES.

5. WITH UNICEF'S SUPPORT, HEALTH MINISTRY STARTING NATIONAL EMERGENCY PLAN FOR BASIC SANITATION IN FAVOUR OF 200,000 FAMILIES, BY MOBILIZING WOMEN'S GRASS-ROOTS ORGANIZATIONS.

INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

6. TOTAL CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED TO UNDRO SO FAR AMOUNT TO US DLRS 5.3 MILLION, EXCLUDING CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND AND SERVICES FOR WHICH NO VALUE WAS INDICATED. DONATIONS CAME FROM 23 GOVERNMENTS
(ARGENTINA, BOLIVIA, BRAZIL, CANADA, CHILE, COLOMBIA, CUBA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, FRANCE, GERMANY, HOLY SEE, ITALY, JAPAN, MEXICO, NETHERLANDS, NORWAY, SPAIN, SWEDEN, SWITZERLAND, UK, URUGUAY, USA AND VENEZUELA), EEC, UNICEF, WHO/PAHO, UNDRO, INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, AND 25 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS.

7. FOLLOWING ARE THE CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED SINCE SITREP NO. 6:


(++) - VALUE NOT REPORTED

8. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

UNDRO 91/0618

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 8
4 APRIL 1991

SITUATION

1. SINCE UNDRO SITREP NO.7 OF 28 MARCH, 10,000 NEW CHOLERA CASES REPORTED AND DEATHS INCREASED BY 28 PERCENT.

2. ACCORDING TO LATEST GOVERNMENTAL FIGURES, NUMBER OF PROBABLE CASES TOTALLED 107,064 OF WHICH 36,071 HOSPITALIZED AND 782 DEAD.

3. HIGHEST RATES OF INCREASE REGISTERED IN CAJAMARCA AND SAN MARTIN. EPIDEMIC GEOGRAPHICALLY SPREAD AS FOLLOWS:

INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

4. FOLLOWING ARE THE CONTRIBUTIONS REPORTED SINCE SITREP NO. 7:


5. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)

UNDRO 91/0695

PERU - CHOLERA EPIDEMIC
UNDRO SITUATION REPORT NO. 9
23 APRIL 1991

SITUATION

1. ACCORDING TO LATEST GOVERNMENTAL FIGURES, NUMBER OF PROBABLE CASES TOTALLED 146,877 OF WHICH 54,395 HOSPITALIZED AND 1,045 DEAD.

2. SINCE UNDRO SITREP NO.8 OF 4 APRIL, RATE OF HOSPITALIZATION INCREASED TO HALF OF THE SUSPECTED NEW CASES, AND MORTALITY RATE IS FALLING.

3. YET, INADEQUATE SEWAGE, WATER DISPOSAL SYSTEMS AND FOOD DISTRIBUTION NETWORK AMONG LOW-INCOME GROUPS CONTINUE TO FACILITATE SPREAD OF DISEASE, WHICH IS NOW PRESENT ALL OVER PERU EXCEPT DEPARTMENT OF CUZCO. NEW FOCI DEVELOPING IN AMAZON.

4. EPIDEMIC GEOGRAPHICALLY SPREAD AS FOLLOWS:

5. INTER-MINISTERIAL 'NACIONAL MULTI-SECTORAL COMMISSION FOR FIGHT AGAINST CHOLERA' ESTABLISHED TO INTENSIFY CONTROL MEASURES.

6. AT MEETING IN SUCRE, BOLIVIA, 20/22 APRIL 1991, HEALTH MINISTERS FROM BOLIVIA, COLOMBIA, ECUADOR, PERU AND VENEZUELA ASKED FOR URGENT FOREIGN AID TO COMBAT CHOLERA, WARNING OF DANGER OF CHOLERA SPREADING IN SOUTH AMERICA AND REMAINING ENDEMIC FOR PROLONGED PERIOD. OFFICIALS FROM ARGENTINA, BRAZIL, CHILE, CUBA, BELGIUM AND CANADA ALSO ATTENDED THE MEETING.

7. FROM 29 APRIL TO 3 MAY 1991, PAHO INVITING REPRESENTATIVES FROM SPANISH-SPEAKING LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN TO SEMINAR IN WASHINGTON D.C. ON CHOLERA PREVENTION AND CONTROL.

INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

8. IN EARLY APRIL, UNITED STATES GOVT SUPPLIED DONATION OF 70 TONS MEDICINES AND MEDICAL SUPPLIES, BY LARGEST US-MANUFACTURED FREIGHT AIRCRAFT GALAXY C-5.

9. GOVERNMENT OF IRELAND DONATED APPROX. USD 31,000 THROUGH UNDRO AND WHO/PAHO.

10. AUSTRIAN GOVERNMENT, RED CROSS AND PRIVATE DONORS/FIRMS DONATED MEDICAMENTS AND ANTIBIOTICS.

11. JAPANESE GOVERNMENT MADE A FURTHER CONTRIBUTION OF SERUM AND MEDICAL SUPPLIES, WORTH APPROX. USD 261,000.

12. EEC PLEDGED ADDITIONAL USD 609,756 CASH THROUGH NGOS' TO BE IDENTIFIED.

13. FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RELIEF DELIVERIES, ADDRESSEES ARE
REQUESTED TO INFORM UNDRO RAPIDLY ON PLEDGES AND DELIVERIES OF RELIEF ITEMS, BY TELEX (414242 DRO CH), FAX (41-22-733-5623) OR E-MAIL (UNIENET ID UNX008), WITH COPY RESIDENT CO-ORDINATOR/LIMA (TELEX 036-29375, FAX 005114-404166) AND WHO/PAHO.

ESSAAFI UNDRO GENEVA 414242 DRO CH +

DPR 310 PER'91 (1)