Attachments
Section 2 Project Description
2.1 Context
1. CHS Commitment 1. Summarize the crisis event and how it is likely to develop over the duration of the project (maximum 5 bullet points)
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) began issuing heatwave advisories starting April 7, with subsequent alerts on April 15 and April 25, warning of upcoming heatwave spells across various parts of the country. These advisories highlight the likelihood of dry and unusually hot weather conditions, with temperatures projected to be 6 to 8 degrees Celsius above normal.
In its 2025 Heatwave Management SOPs, PDMA highlights that Sindh has witnessed a substantial rise in temperatures over the past decade, with increasing frequency and severity of heatwaves. The effects of climate change, coupled with urbanization and deforestation, have exacerbated extreme temperature conditions across the region. According to the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD), 2024 saw significantly higher temperatures than previous years, particularly in April, May, June, and July, with anomalies of 1.6°C in April, 2.1°C in May, 1.8°C in June, and 3°C in July compared to 2023. This marks a worrying trend, indicating that future heatwaves may become even more intense due to continued climate shifts and anthropogenic factors. See Annex 1
According to the situation report issued by PDMA Sindh on May 10, 2025, a total of 235 heatstroke cases and 22 livestock deaths have been reported to date, with 107 of these cases recorded in the Mirpurkhas Division. See Annex 2
In Sindh’s Umerkot district, the heatwave is already intensifying, with temperatures expected to reach 47°C in the coming days. Due to climate change, the onset of heatwaves is occurring earlier, often beginning in April and potentially lasting through July.
In response to Chief Secretary’s order, the DC Umerkot has circulated massage among humanitarian organization requesting for their support in establishing heatwave facilitation camps. In response heatwave facilitation camps have been established by humanitarian organizations to provide shelter, cold water, and basic first-aid. Authorities are advised to ensure round-the-clock monitoring, establish cooling and treatment centers, safeguard agricultural activities, and ensure the timely restoration of electricity. Public awareness campaigns will inform about heat-related illnesses and preventive measures.