Introduction
The present document outlinesthe overall guidance for the decongestion and rearrangement ofspontaneous IDP sites presenting high levels of congestion, based on lessonslearned from different case scenariosin North East Nigeria. The different scenarios are characterized by limited availability of both funding and suitable land; a very realistic scenario to lay the foundation for the reorganization of spontaneous settlements in Borno State.
The dry season (December to April) and the rainy season (May to September) in the North East of Nigeria represent high concerns. The limited space between shelters, as well as the highly flammable shelter materials used by displaced population, makes the establishment of fire outbreak one of the key priorities to be addressed. This high congestion on site also causes a high risk of flooding since the self-installation of makeshift shelters prevents the natural drainage of water during the rainy season, increasing risks of epidemics.
This guidance note is based on the Sectors’ Standard Operating Procedures for camp improvements as a complementary and operational guidance document (available here). It is structured around three scenarios, and details a variety of preparatory considerationsto be carried out prior to developing a reorganization plan.