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This update is produced by Office of the Resident Coordinator, Nepal, in collaboration with humanitarian partners.
All data included in this update is based on information available from various sources at the time. While efforts have been made to verify data as much as possible, complete accuracy cannot be assured.
SITUATION OVERVIEW
• Eight days have passed since heavy rainfall on 27/28 September in Nepal triggered landslides, flooding, and roadblocks, affecting 21 districts, seven of which, were severely impacted. As of 03 October, 236 people have been killed, 173 injured, and 19 remain missing, while 17,120 have been rescued.
• The estimated damage includes NPR 4.35 billion to energy infrastructure, NPR 2.5 billion to roads and bridges, and over NPR 6 billion to agriculture. Hydropower projects, schools, health facilities, and communications have been severely affected across impacted areas.
• The Flood Forecasting Division (FFD) reports a risk of flooding over the next three days in nine districts of eastern Nepal, with water levels in major rivers expected to remain below alert levels.
• While the floodwater in affected areas is receding, the risk of communicable disease outbreaks is heightened, including waterborne (Acute Gastroenteritis, Cholera, Hepatitis-A/E), rodent-borne (Leptospirosis), vector-borne (Dengue, Malaria), and vaccine-preventable diseases (Tetanus, Measles). Overcrowding in displacement camps also raises concerns about COVID-19 and Influenza outbreaks, while health service disruptions may impact treatment for TB, HIV, and other diseases.
• The Government of Nepal decided to expedite the construction of temporary shelters, providing NPR 50,000 per affected household. The Cabinet also approved NPR 200,000 in relief for the families of deceased persons and called for additional support from humanitarian organizations.
HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE
International Community:
UN agencies have intensified efforts to provide life-saving relief and urgent assistance to affected communities to restore livelihoods in the wake of yet another natural disaster in Nepal. In collaboration with the Government of Nepal and humanitarian partners, the UN is on the ground, leading a robust response to the devastating floods. With swift action and life-saving interventions, critical supplies are reaching the hardest-hit communities, particularly women, children, and other vulnerable groups. On 29 September, the UN activated the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) Anticipatory Action (AA) Pilot in Sunsari and Saptari districts, targeting Koshi and Madhesh Provinces. This pilot, implemented by FAO, UNFPA, UNICEF, and WFP, is a vital effort to safeguard lives and livelihoods in these areas. The 3.4 Million CERF AA contribution might also be expanded to other geographical areas affected by the disaster depending on needs.
With water systems severely damaged by floods and landslides, UNICEF is delivering essential drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene supplies while repairing WASH infrastructure. Women, adolescent girls, and children—especially those displaced—are at heightened risk of violence and exploitation. To address this, UNFPA and UNICEF are providing critical services, distributing hygiene and dignity kits, and establishing safe spaces where children, women, and girls can find refuge, support, and a path to recovery. Meanwhile, WFP, in partnership with local governments, has already begun distributing cash assistance of NPR 15,000 to 548 households in Sunsari and Saptari, with more to follow.
Beyond the CERF AA targeted areas, UN agencies are delivering vital assistance to flood-affected regions, including ready-to-eat food, water purifiers, tarpaulins, mosquito nets, and dignity kits. Responding to government’s request, WHO has distributed emergency health kits and trauma supplies to 28 hospitals across seven provinces.
The START Fund Nepal has provided GBP 400,000, while the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), along with the Nepal Red Cross Society mobilized over 520,000 Swiss francs to aid 20,000 people. Emergency relief items from prepositioned Red Cross stocks have also already reached nearly 5,000 individuals.
A key concern across all clusters has been the absence of accurate information and detailed damage assessment as well as the challenges posed by limited access due to the road situation and landslides.