Attachments
Introduction
Background
Violent insurgency by non-state armed groups (NSAGs) in Mozambique’s northern province of Cabo Delgado has displaced over a million people since the conflict began in 2017, with the majority displaced in Cabo Delgado and with a significant number displaced in Nampula and Niassa. This protection crisis has been characterized by grave human rights violations, including child rights violations; gender-based violence (GBV); housing, land and property (HLP) violations; family separation; and movement restrictions; as well as challenges to access to legal documentation; justice and legal aid; mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS); education, shelter, healthcare and other basic services. Women, children, older people and people with disabilities are disproportionately affected.
While attacks, mass displacements and severe humanitarian and protection needs persist, many people have spontaneously returned, often only to their areas of origin. Additionally, after more than half a decade of displacement, many displaced people decide to remain in the place of displacement to locally integrate instead of returning home. A very small handful of others have decided to relocate to other areas of Mozambique. As displaced people seek to restart their lives, the Government, bolstered by humanitarian, development and peace actors, must support them on their pathways towards durable solutions.
Purpose and Scope
This report presents the findings of UNHCR's community consultations on durable solutions during January-June 2025. It represents a central component of UNHCR’s larger Community Engagement on Durable Solutions project being implemented in 2024-2025. UNHCR and partner Helpcode, in collaboration with and support to the Government of Mozambique’s National Institute of Disaster Risk Management and Reduction (INGD), jointly conducted community consultations with displaced people and returnees concerning their:
• intentions on durable solutions;
• challenges to local integration in displacement areas and reintegration in return areas; and
• information and communication needs around durable solutions.
Host community members were also consulted on the relevant topics above.
Objectives
The objectives of the report and UNHCR’s wider Community Engagement on Durable Solutions project are to ensure that:
1. affected people are at the center of the UN Secretary General’s Action Agenda on Internal Displacement and
2. their voices inform durable solutions programming and initiatives.