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In early 2023, Malaysia experienced severe flooding due to the northeast monsoon, displacing over 113,180 people and causing four fatalities across seven states, including Kelantan, Terengganu, and Johor. Shortly after, a heat wave hit in April, with temperatures reaching 38.4°C, leading to the deaths of two children and the suspension of outdoor school activities. Meanwhile, by May, the country saw a 170% surge in dengue cases, totaling 43,619, with 28 deaths, alongside 131 chikungunya cases, prompting the Ministry of Health to activate a Dengue monitoring portal. In May, after the WHO downgraded COVID-19 as a global threat, Malaysia declared the virus endemic, revising its SOPs and easing mask mandates by mid-June. At the same time, the country continued to be a major destination for migrants, with 2.2 million documented workers and 181,560 registered refugees, primarily from Myanmar, reflecting consistent migrant needs compared to the previous year.