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This Emergency Appeal is being issued on a preliminary basis and seeks 827,667 Swiss francs with an initial loan of 150,000 Swiss francs from the Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) to enable the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) to support the Malagasy Red Cross Society (MRCS) in delivering assistance and support to 25,000 people affected by Cyclone Enawo for 8 months. The response will focus on the following areas of interventions: health, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH); and shelter (including non-food items). The planned response reflects the current situation and information available at this time of the evolving operation, and will be adjusted based on further developments and more detailed assessments. Details available at the Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA)
The disaster and the Red Cross Red Crescent response to date
03 March 2017: Tropical storm Enawo forms on the southern Indian ocean. Enawo is upgraded to a category 4 Tropical Cyclone.
05 March 2017: MRCS mobilizes 24 National Disaster Response Team (NDRT) 120 Branch Disaster Response Team (BDRT) members, and 889 volunteers, to conduct assessments, disseminate early warning messages and provide first aid to affected communities.
07 March 2017: Category 4 Cyclone Enawo makes landfall in Antalaha city in the north-east coast at around 11.30am local time with wind surges of up to 300KPH at the centre. The cyclone is predicted to move southwards passing through the capital Antananarivo.
9 March 2017: A Red Cross Red Crescent (RC/RC) Indian Ocean Regional Intervention Platform (PIROI – French Red Cross)1 Disaster Response specialist deployed under IFRC umbrella at the early stage of the operation for initial cyclone response.
12 March 2017: IFRC launches an Emergency Appeal with a DREF allocation of 150,00 Swiss francs at the request of MRCS to assist 25,000 people.
13 March 2017: A Field Assessment and Coordination Team (FACT) team leader is deployed to further support MRCS response.
The operational strategy: for more info Tropical Cyclone
Enawo struck north-eastern Madagascar at around 11.30 hours on 7 March 2017, with average wind of over 205 km per hour, and with peaks of 300 km per hour. After battering Sava and Analanjirofo regions, the cyclone crossed Madagascar from North to South for two days, lashing heavy rains on all the country including the capital Antananarivo, home to more than 2 million people, resulting in flooding that displaced thousands of people. According to Bureau National de Gestion des Risques et des Catastrophes (BNGRC), more than 400,000 people have been affected in 8 regions, with the North-East being mostly impacted.
Enawo moved West-South-West and reached the coasts of Madagascar between Antalaha and Cap Masoala on the North-East. Enawo subsequently moved southwards across the highlands, including the capital Antananarivo. The cyclone brought a lot of rain, during its passage through the regions. A peak of rainfall was experienced in the eastern slopes of Madagascar. Enawo crossed the Island through the regions of Sava, Analanjirofo, Alaotra Mangoro, Atsinanana, Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, Bongolava, Itasy, Ihombre, Amoron'i Mania, Haute Matsiatra, and Vatovavy Fitovinany. (Please refer to map annexed with this document.)
Within a week of the disaster, it was estimated that 80’000 people were displaced, about half in the North-East regions alone. The Prime Minister of the Government of Madagascar appealed for the mobilization of all partners in responding to needs at national and local levels and Government of Madagascar officially declared a National situation of emergency on 14 March 2017. The Government also activated its crisis management coordination group and meetings were convened to discuss and monitor cyclone response.
Given this, the Emergency Appeal was launched to enable the IFRC to support MRCS in its response. MRCS conducted an in-depth needs assessment in all affected communities to capture household composition, disaggregation by gender and age, special vulnerabilities, and record the various impacts such as loss of belongings, damage to the houses and the special needs of the affected households.
Based on the assessments, the appeal interventions focus on emergency needs and reducing immediate vulnerabilities through interventions in shelter/NFI, WASH and Health. The activities are targeting the most affected areas, mostly Sava and Analanjirofo regions. 5,000 households are targeted, about 20% of the affected displaced population (over 25’000 households displaced).