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INTRODUCTION
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) Madagascar implements the Displacement Tracking Matrix programme (DTM) to better understand drought-induced population movements and provides essential information for humanitarian agencies and government stakeholders. The programme aims to support the strategic planning and decision-making for humanitarian assistance and the management of natural resources, while contributing to reducing tensions and conflicts between the affected communities. The scarcity of natural resources, such as water, forest, and crop land, lead to growing competition and inequality to access between themselves, between host communities and newly arrived populations in the concerned area. Those tensions are exacerbated by pre-existing vulnerabilities, increasing the fragility of the populations already affected by the climate crisis.
The first assessment of the DTM programme was completed in September 2025, in 123 localities from four communes, of which Maroalomaity, Maroalopoty, Ampanihy Andrefana and Itampolo. This assessment enabled the collection of data on displacement dynamics, the composition of the displaced households, the priority needs and the risks linked to access to natural resources.
The programme was adapted to the specific context of the south of Madagascar, which considers the geographic particularity, social, and of the regions of Atsimo Andrefana and Androy. The economic aspects toolkits and methodologies utilised during the assessment in the field were elaborated closely in collaboration with humanitarian partners and local authorities to ensure the relevance, reliability, and accuracy of the information collected. The results obtained allow us to better orient the humanitarian intervention, support the resilience of community affected, and enhance the management of conflicts linked to the access of the resources. In conclusion, the DTM programme contributes to strengthening the capacity of local actors and at the country level to anticipate, forecast and address effectively the displacement of the people caused by drought and other environmental crises.
KEY FIGURES ON DISPLACEMENT
The DTM identified 2 485 newly internally displaced households and 9 795 individuals, arrived and left in the four communes following the effect of the drought during the years 2024 and 2025. Those persons are accurately localised in the communes of Maroalopoty (16%), of Maroalomainty (15 %), of Ampanihy Ouest (21%) and Itampolo (42%). The totality of the households made this displacement by foot or by cart nearby districts, and by trucks toward other regions. Most of those persons were not hosted by host community, except those welcomed by family members. Displaced households are predominantly headed by adult men (18+ years).
Individuals who have left the fokontany are the most numerous, representing approximately 66 per cent of the displaced population, compared to 34 per cent of individuals who have returned or are new arrivals. The commune of Itampolo registered the highest number of IDPs who leave (26%), while the communes of Maroalomainty (0,3%) and Maroalopoty (1,1 %) have the lowest number of IDPs arriving