Attachments
Key Findings
This study, commissioned by the International Organization for Migration Libya, provides an indepth examination of the country’s service sector. Covering key areas such as hospitality, domestic work, retail, and sanitation, this sector relies heavily on migrant labour. Despite their essential contribution to Libya’s economy, there remains a significant gap in understanding their actual working conditions, awareness of labour frameworks, access to services, and ability to exercise their rights. Building on previous research, including IOM’s 2024 assessment highlighting the challenges migrants face in obtaining work permits and passports, this study shifts focus. Rather than revisiting documentation processes, it explores the broader labour and rights dimensions affecting documented migrants in the service economy. The study aims to examine migrants’ day-to-day work realities, including contract arrangements, working hours, wages, and safety conditions. It also assesses their access to legal protections and essential services such as healthcare, legal aid, and complaint mechanisms. In addition, it analyses the structural and institutional factors, ranging from employer practices and regulatory gaps to wider social dynamics, that shape their experiences in the labour market and influence their ability to live with dignity.