I. Background
1. The present report is my twelfth semi-annual report on the implementation of Security Council resolution 1559 (2004). It assesses progress made in the implementation of the resolution since my previous report, dated 19 April 2010 (S/2010/193). It highlights the remaining concerns that continue to impede efforts to strengthen Lebanon's called for in the resolution.
2. Municipal elections were held in the country throughout the month of May. They took place in a generally calm and peaceful atmosphere, despite minor security incidents.
3. On 31 July, the President, Michel Sleiman, hosted a joint summit in Beirut with the King of Saudi Arabia and the President of the Syrian Arab Republic. The Emir of Qatar paid an official visit to Lebanon from 31 July to 2 August, which included a tour of villages in the southern part of the country. Those visits signalled a strong Arab commitment to the maintenance of stability in Lebanon, in the context of increased domestic tension generated by speculation, rumours and allegations regarding potential indictments by the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. Against that background, there have recently been some public exchanges of sharp statements between Lebanese leaders, which have worsened the political climate.
4. On 13 and 14 October, the President of the Islamic Republic of Iran conducted an official visit to Lebanon, including a tour of villages in the south, during which he expressed strong support for Hizbullah.