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In 2025, a total of 66,316 refugees and migrants reached Italy by sea in 1,510 landings, representing 46 per cent of all Mediterranean arrivals. Figures remained almost identical to 2024 (66,617), indicating a stabilization following the peak years of 2022 and 2023, when 105,131 and 157,651 respectively crossed the Mediterranean to Italy.
The Central Mediterranean continued to witness regular incidents and loss of life, with an estimated 1,342 people who died or went missing in 2025—equivalent to one life lost for every 49 people arrived in Italy. Despite stable arrivals, this represents a decrease compared with 2024 (1,810 dead or missing), primarily linked to fewer departures from Tunisia, a route associated with extremely high fatality rates due to the widespread use of unseaworthy metal boats.