ACT appeal Indonesia: Relief for flood victims - ASID-21

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Appeal Target: US$ 517,517
Geneva, 19 February 2002

Dear Colleagues,

Continuous rainfall during the last week of January and first week of February triggered extensive flooding in many parts of Indonesia especially Java. Java is the most densely populated Indonesian island (80% of a population of 202 million, while only accounting for 6% of Indonesia's land mass). The flood hit 12 cities in Java the most affected being the capital city Jakarta and Situbondo District in East Java.

Many hundreds of thousand people have been displaced, with extensive damage to dwellings, infrastructure and agricultural land. The people are now threatened by harvest failure and hunger along with health problems such as respiratory infections, itchy skin and diarrhoea.

ACT members Community Development Unit of Bethesda Hospital (CD Bethesda), Yayasan Tanggul Benkana (YTB) and Church World Service (CWS), have carried out needs assessments in Jakarta and other areas of Java. They have informed the ACT CO that sufficient resources are available at the moment to assist the flood victims in the Jakarta area. However, to assist the victims in East and Central Java, funds are needed.

Therefore, this appeal deals with the request of CD Bethesda, who are proposing a health programme comprising the following components for the vulnerable in the most severely hit areas in Central and Eastern Java.

• Provision of mobile health services and establishment of 53 village health posts
• General feeding programme for under 5's in 60 villages & food assistance for 4 isolated villages that have received no assistance to date
• Potable water deliveries & rehabilitation of water sources
• Sanitation - cleansing of existing and building new latrines & collection of garbage
• Provision of personal hygiene items
• Temporary shelters
• Rehabilitation materials and of 2 emergency bridges connecting isolated areas

Project Completion Date: 15 August 2002

Summary of Appeal Targets, Pledges/Contributions Received and Balance Requested (US$)

Please kindly send your contributions to the following ACT bank account:

Account Number - 240-432629.60A (USD)
Account Name: ACT - Action by Churches Together
UBS SA
PO Box 2600
1211 Geneva 2
SWITZERLAND

Please also inform the Finance Officer Jessie Kgoroeadira (direct tel. +4122/791.60.38, e-mail address jkg@act-intl.org) of all pledges/contributions and transfers, including funds sent direct to the implementers, now that the Pledge Form is no longer attached to the Appeal.

We would appreciate being informed of any intent to submit applications for EU, USAID and/or other back donor funding and the subsequent results. We thank you in advance for your kind cooperation.

I. REQUESTING ACT MEMBER INFORMATION

• CD Bethesda and YAKKUM Relief Unit

II. IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER & PARTNER INFORMATION

ACT member the Community Development Unit of Bethesda Hospital (CD Bethesda) is an outreach service unit of Bethesda Hospital. It was established in 1974 under the Yogyakarta branch of the Christian Foundation for public health (YAKKUM). CD Bethesda was originally established to assist poor patients whose problems could not be solved by the hospital alone. Illnesses in communities are often caused by poverty and unjust social structures and to solve such problems, a holistic approach is needed. CD Bethesda tries to help communities solve their own health care problems. Currently CD Bethesda serves 200 areas mostly in the eastern part of Indonesia extending from Yogyakarta and Central Java, to Flores, Sumba, Alor, Maluku, Irian Jaya and East Timor. Fifty six permanent field staff work in 9 field secretariats in Yogyakarta, Pati, Maumere, Waikabubak, Maritaing, Wamena Sanggata , Ambon, Kupang and Dili.

CD Bethesda is a leading NGO in medical relief. In response to the increased need of emergency response, the international evaluation team suggested separating the emergency work into a special unit. Starting on January 2001, the new emergency relief unit was established under the co-ordination of the Executive Director of YAKKUM. CD Bethesda/YAKKUM Emergency Unit has comprehensive experience in emergency response operating in major disaster and conflicts areas in Indonesia.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION

Background

Continuous rainfall during the last week of January and first week of February triggered extensive flooding in many parts of Indonesia especially Java. Java is the most populated Indonesian island (80% of a population of 202 million, while accounting for only 6% of Indonesia's land mass). The flood hit 12 cities in Java the most affected being the capital city Jakarta and Situbondo District in East Java.

JAKARTA

In Jakarta about 500,000 families (2 million people) are directly affected by the floods. Material loss is estimated between USD 500 - 670 million in Jakarta alone. Due to the flooding, the area of Tangerang is suffering from diseases such as diarrhoea as well as skin and respiratory infections. The most victims needing medical assistance are in Periuk district ( 2,130 patients), followed by Karawaci, (about 2,000 patients). In North Jakarta, it is estimated that around 18,000 people are suffering from diarrhoea.

LAMPUNG

Floods over the last week that have affected nearly the entire province bringing not only material loss but disrupting schools, farms and the supply of electricity in Lampuang. Thousands of hectares of rice fields which were to be harvested within a month in East and South Lampung, Tanggamus and Way Kanan have been seriously damaged. The harvest failure in the regencies will certainly affect the supply of rice to Lampung as well as to South Sumatra, Jambi and Bengkulu. A torrential downpour with strong winds continuously pounded South Lampung destroying large areas of farmland. Data at the local agriculture offices showed the harvest failure had caused Rp 1.5 billion in losses due to the damage of at least 98 hectares of paddy field in Central and East Lampung and Way Kanan.

In East Lampung, the flood destroyed a total of 214 houses and 2,138 hectares of paddy field and shrimp ponds. Thousands of students were unable to attend school because their school buildings were still immersed in water.

Most victims are accommodated in mosques, government offices and school buildings which are safe from the flood. The flooding has also affected the supply of electricity from the Waduk Way Besi hydro-electric plant in West Lampung.

CENTRAL JAVA

Kudus

The flooding in Kudus was caused by the main river Muria overflowing its banks along with the smaller rivers Logung, Dawe, Piji, Gamong and Gelis. Around 3,647 people were evacuated to safe areas when houses were inundated to a depth of up to 2.5 meters. In the 9 districts of Kudus regency, 3 are threatened by flooding (Jati, Undaan, Kaliwungu) and 4 districts directly affected by the floods (Mejobo, Dawe, Jekulo and Gebog). At least 250 of the 519 houses at Setrokalangan village in Kaliwungu sub-district, were almost totally submerged with only the roofs of the buildings still visible. The residents were evacuated to mosques, schools and other accommodation in the town's centre. An estimated 1,011 hectares of paddy field which were to be harvested have been destroyed.

Pekalongan,

Flooding occurred in February and was mainly due to deforestation (this area lacks any kind of environmental management). Consequently, 601 hectares of farm land has been damaged and 209 hectares of paddy fields almost ready for harvesting have been destroyed. There may even be more extensive damages in the northern and eastern parts of the area. Some bridges and roads have also been seriously damaged, with one bridge (connecting Jenggot and Kuripan villages) being totally swept away.

Kendal and Batang

Kendal and Batang have experienced heavy and continuous rains since the beginning of January. The floods inundated 3,427 farm fields and 342 hectares of paddy field that should be harvested. 10,000 families were accommodated in mosques, schools and government offices. As a result of this disaster, the residents are threatened with harvest failure, hunger and increasing incidents of diseases such as respiratory infections, itchy skin and diarrhoea.

Temanggung

Due to the heavy rains, landslides hit Temanggung on 7 February 2002. This was exacerbated by unstable soil due to deforestation. The landslides damaged 52 houses and farm fields and the total loss is estimated at one billion. The residents are now suffering from diseases such as respiration infections, diarrhoea, and itchy skin. Harvest failure and hunger will also be certainly felt by the community. As a result of this disaster, it is planed to relocate the victims (195 people / 57 families) to a new area belonging to the government (forestry affairs).

Solo

Due to the overflow of Bengawan Solo river thousands of houses in three villages (Jebres sub-district) were inundated. In Jagalan and Pucangsawit villages, houses were up 1 meter or more in water. In Kampung Sewu, 113 houses were flooded. Although there were no casualties, some residents are suffering from diarrhoea and itchy skin.

EAST JAVA

Situbondo

Flood water hit and cut off the Java-Bali highway on 4 February 2002. In the East Java town of Situbondo, flooding damaged the Kali Sampeyan embankment. The 2 main reasons for serious flooding in this regency is the damage caused to the Pintu Lima dam - the main dam of Kali Sampeyan in Situbodo and the landslides of the Argopuro hills which covered the western areas of Situbondo with stones, mud and trees. The highway was also covered in 50 centimetres of mud. The floods and landslides resulted in the death of 60 people, 3 people were carried away by the floods which swamped 310 houses and damaged 4,279 houses. Farm fields and paddies were seriously damaged and bridges damaged or swept away. Many people are suffering from diarrhoea, itchy skin, fever, coughs and respiratory infections. Government offices, the city's general hospital and schools were also flooded. Flooding also hit at least five villages in the neighbouring town of Jember, where the water level reached a height of one to two meters. Due to the almost certain harvest failure, the people are threatened by hunger.

Probolinggo

Probolinggo regency is located in east Java. After the heavy rain these recent weeks, Gending and Pakuniran districts in Probolinggo are flooded resulting in extensive material loss since it destroyed shrimp and fish ponds. Many large girders drifted with the flood waters and blocked the river Pancar Glagas. About 206 hectares of submerged paddy fields are a potential crop failure; hundreds of livestock were also lost. Slow response from local authorities and the limited supply of medicine has exacerbated the situation for the more vulnerable of the population.

Locations for Proposed Responses

Amongst the above mentioned flooded areas, Yakkum Emergency Unit decided to focus its response to the villages as follows:

EAST JAVA

Situbondo

From the 14 districts affected by recent floods, the targeted areas are: five villages in Kecamatan (District) Besuki, - Desa Widoro Payung, Desa Pawoan, Desa Kotakan, Desa Karang Asem, Desa Sumber Kolak and one other village.

These villages were suddenly swamped in a matter of three hours by water overflowing from the River Sampeyan. Everything within one kilometre from the river bank was inundated. 87 houses were destroyed and 3 people lost their lives. All sanitation facilities such as latrines and wells in these 5 villages have been inundated by mud. A total of 1,612 people (431 families) have been seriously affected by the floods. At night they stay with their families in other villages but during the day they return to their villages to clean up and try and retrieve what is left of their possessions. Their food resources are sufficient for the month of February as they are supported either by their families living in other areas or by local government.

Probolinggo

In Pakuniran District: 4 villages namely Gunggungan Lor, Patemon, Ranon and Pakuniran located in eastern Probolinggo

The decision for prioritising these villages in Situbondo and Probolinggo is based on CD Bethesda's assessment team findings - the most severely impacted areas that have been neglected by the government and humanitarian organisations.

Furthermore, CD Bethesda has operated previously in this area. After sectarian violence in 1998, CD Bethesda in co-operation with Lintas Sara, developed an interfaith network to re-introduce harmony between Christians and Moslem.

In Pakuniran district, about 206 hectares of paddy fields have been damaged and hundreds of livestock were drowned. Slow reaction from the local authorities and limited access to medicine have weakened or even broken the resources and health of the local people. In Kauniran alone, about 506 families (2,124 people) were trapped by the rising waters and seriously affected by the flooding.

In both Situbondo and Probolinggo, CD Bethesday intend strengthening the existing organisations of their interfaith network and build a volunteer team.

CENTRAL JAVA

Demak, Kudus and Pati are also areas in which CD Bethesda will intervene as these areas are within easy access to their hospital - Panti Wilasa - which has been involved during the rapid response.

Kudus : 15 villages will be covered in the 7 affected districts affected.

From about 17, 839 families directly affected by flooding, 3,647 were evacuated to 16 temporary settlements. Others preferred to stay in their houses. However, those who remained are living in increasingly deteriorating conditions as their homes have been under water for over 2 weeks. Their economic survival is also under question as their crops have either been badly damaged or destroyed. The continuous rain is increasing the possibilities of landslides.

Pati : from 10 affected districts (55 villages) 4 districts have been prioritised (29 villages) taking into considering the economic status of inhabitants and level of damages.

In Pati, there are 10 districts covering 54 villages that are flooded. 1,777 families (6,205 people) have been displaced with the rest remaining in their own houses. One person died as a result of the floods. 4,262 paddy fields were under around 1 metre of water and 1,095 fish ponds destroyed. In some areas the waters remained for around 2 weeks. A total of 7,965 families (24,220 people) have been seriously affected by the flood. The health accessibility and food security are fine for the next month as the government's community health centre has a mobile unit and the surrounding neighbourhoods are providing food. The main problem is the lack of potable water and anticipated impact after the flood.

Demak : the district of Wedung is the most severely affected including 6 villages namely Kedung Karang, Tedunan, Kendal Asem, Jetak, Jung Pasir, Mutih Kulon and Mutih Wetan

Around 254 hectares of paddy were damaged and 894 hectares of fish ponds destroyed. About 2,953 people were displaced and 1,000 students in Tedunan village can not continue their studies. Material losses are predicted at about Rp 580 million (USD 58,000). The main problem is the lack of potable water and the anticipated impact after the flood. School kits are required for 1,000 students in Tedunan.

The three regencies targeted have been chosen partly due to the seriousness of the impact of the flooding as well as the resources CD Bethesda already has in the areas. These resources consist of already developed networks through people organisations, motivators and interfaith network - especially with a traditional Moslem organization - Nahdatul Ulama. In Kudus CD Bethesda's network consists of students of STAIN Kudus, Ikatan Pemuda NU /IPNU and CD Bethesda AIDS motivators. In Pati the network consists of activities of Ikatan Pemuda NU /IPNU, PMII/Moslem Students Association and FKM Pati.

IV. GOAL & OBJECTIVES

The project will focus on health for the most vulnerable groups as well as developing joint humanitarian action among existing interfaith groups for enhancing solidarity and promoting community preparedness.

Based on experience, food aid distribution sometimes creates tension. Considering the sufficient capacity of the government for fulfilling the basic needs of people for the next 3 months, CD Bethesda plans only to intervene in isolated areas where aid from the government or other organisations is lacking.

Goal

The main goal is to fulfil the basic health needs of vulnerable (high risk) groups by providing treatment for prevalent diseases and preventing potential disease outbreak - especially diarrhoea and skin problems. At the same time it is planned to encourage economic rehabilitation through close interfaith interaction for peace, conflict prevention and disaster preparedness.

Objectives

To provide health services by mobile clinic for a three-month period benefiting 7,000 patients.

To establish 53 village health posts serving 5,850 patients

To improve the nutritional condition of 6,000 children by providing general feeding programs in all 5 regencies (60 villages)

To provide food relief to 2,124 persons (506 families) in 4 isolated villages in Probolinggo which have not received any form of aid.

To provide clean water for 3,740 persons, initially by delivering water (in drums) then rehabilitating 650 wells covered by mud and finally, once the wells have been cleaned, chlorinating the water sources.

To rehabilitate sanitation facilities - cleansing 550 toilets and building 6 public latrines

To maintain basic personal hygiene by providing hygiene facilities

To assist in preventing the spread of disease by arranging the collection of garbage for one month.

To provide temporary shelter for 1,478 displaced families

To clean up and provide minor rehabilitation for 52 houses,

To rehabilitate 2 emergency bridges which connect two isolated areas,

To provide 2,000 school kits for students in 1 village in Demak (Tedunan) and 2 villages in Pati Gadudero and Kasihan)

To train 60 interfaith motivators from 5 regencies to become the community preparedness facilitators and encourage the people's participation in implementing the mentioned programs

To empower the community for rehabilitating agricultural sources, public infrastructure including education and community health infrastructure in selected villages.

To facilitate community dialogue and meetings for community preparedness in 60 villages

V. TARGETED BENEFICIARIES :

4,841 families or 18,669 people in 60 villages in 5 regencies (total)

• Kudus Regency : 15 prioritised villages, total 912 families, 3,647 displaced people
• Pati Regency : 29 prioritised villages, total family 1,777, 6,205 displaced people
• Demak Regency : 6 prioritised villages, total 752 families, 2,953 displaced
• Situbondo Regency : 6 prioritised villages, total families 894, 3,740
• Probolinggo Regency : 4 prioritised villages, total 506 families, 2124 people

VI. PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE & IMPLEMENTATION

Strategy

Rapid Response and Needs Assessment

General needs assessment and short health service (3 days) immediate rapid response for districts in Central Java (Kudus, Demak, Pati) and 2 regencies in East Java (Situbondo and Probolinggo) (done during the 1st - 2nd weeks of February)

Design for project intervention planning : sending proposal to international partners

Visit by project manager in focused area (Regencies of Situbondo, Kudus, Pati) for project implementation action planning and Network development

Project Management Design: Personal (full timers and volunteers), structure and system (including clear job descriptions, operating procedures etc).

Interfaith Volunteer recruitment and Training

Implementation

Crisis Phase

To provide health services by mobile clinics for three months and to establish 10 village health posts in Situbondo, 4 village health posts in Probolinggo, 23 in Pati, 15 in Kudus and 1 health post in Demak.

- Nine health posts in East Java will be trained, assisted, monitored and supervised by 1 health team co-ordinated by one MD and 3 nurses who are based in Situbondo. The health volunteers will be selected from the villagers and/or the members of existing interfaith networks there.

- For Central Java, there will be only one mobile health team since some villages are already served by government health services (through puskesmas). Thirty health posts will be established in selected villages based on the accessibility (distance) - some villages are already covered by existing CD Bethesda services which were set up previously.

The health team in Central Java will consists of one MD and 6 nurses (2 nurses in each regency). The volunteers will also be selected from the villagers and the members of existing interfaith networks there (including the AIDS motivators network). The estimated number of beneficiaries for the mobile health units in the 5 regencies is around 7,000 based on the average incidence rate in an emergency situation. The number of patients served by each health post within 3 months is estimated at around 150 patients. The medicine at the health posts will be standard as provided in other village health posts (generic essential) with unit cost of around Rp 3,000/patient. Unit cost for mobile health service is Rp 10.000/patient. The mobile health team will only serve for 3 months and the health posts will serve for a further 3 months (6 months in all). Training will be done before program implementation, covering PHC and alternative medicine training.

General feeding for 6,000 children

Since there is no data available for judging the nutritional status of infants in the respective areas (considering the situation, limited time, etc), the general feeding program is planned for ensuring that the high risk groups receive supplementary food.

The program will be organised involving the groups of women which are usually active in the Posyandu Program (government's voluntarily programs for integrated health service for babies : usually in the form of baby weighing and nutritional foods distribution). Each child under 5 years should get at least 1,290 kcal/child/day (WHO standard) which can be obtained through lentils (dried pulses) porridge and dried salted fish as follows.

100 g lentils = 340 kcal
75 g sugar = 300 kcal
125 g rice = 450 kcal
9 g coconut milk = 79 kcal
50 gr dried salted fish = 135 kcal
Total = 1,300 kcal

The General Feeding Program will be provided maximum 3 times a week for a period of 3 months.

Food Relief

Concerning the problem of food security of 2,124 inhabitants in 4 isolated villages which have received no assistance to date - the assessment carried out there shows that 60% of the population in 4 villages are > 40 years of age which means they should have 2,100 kcal/person/day. Taking into consideration that those areas are close to the coast with its abundance of dried, salted fish, the planned composition of food aid (per person per day) is as follows :

125 g rice = 450 kcal
100 dried salted fish = 270 kcal
85 g vegetable oil = 752 kcal
100 g peas = 335 kcal
75 g sugar = 300 kcal
Total = 2,107 kcal

The distribution of food will be managed by the volunteers selected and agreed by the villagers themselves.

Potable Water

Dropping of water (drum catering) for 1 month in Situbondo which will cover 40% of total needs (since there are other deliveries from AURI and PDAM). For targeted beneficiaries in Situbondo (3,740 person, 15 litres water per day) there will be a need of 4 tanks (water drum @ 5,000 liter/tank) a day.

Rehabilitation of the existing water resources by cleaning out 250 wells in Situbondo, 400 wells in Demak, Pati, Kudus and rehabilitating 1 spring in Situbondo (village Widoro Payung) using the diesel water pump to syphon out the mud.

To chlorinate the wells after they have been cleaned out (co-ordinated with local government, Dinas Kesehatan)

Rehabilitation of sanitation facilities by :

• cleansing 250 toilets (in 5 villages in Situbondo and 300 toilets in 50 villages in Central Java) by syphoning out the mud
• building public latrines : 6 units in Situbondo (A subsidy will be provided for material and the local communities will build the latrines themselves).

To maintain basic personal hygiene - hygiene articles such as soap, tooth paste, tooth brushes will be provided for all beneficiaries in need.

To rehabilitate and encourage cleanliness of the environment by ensuring collection of garbage for one month to prevent the outbreak of related diseases. The local Situbondo authorities are currently cleaning up the main streets but the neighbourhood areas (where people live) are quite neglected. Therefore 5 trucks will be needed a day for collecting garbage and flood waste.

To repair 5 temporary shelters in Situbondo (2 units in Plalangan and 3 units in Sampeyan Lama) 3 x 8 meters/ shelters where about 1,478 families are displaced

To train 70 interfaith facilitators from 5 regencies to become the community preparedness facilitators and community animators.

To train and facilitate the existing village health personnel (midwife) and health volunteers to encourage maintenance of a healthy environment and providing basic medical treatment

Post Crisis Phase

To rehabilitate emergency bridges which connect isolated areas so they have better accessibility. This will be provided through subsidised materials, while the local community will contribute manpower.

To rehabilitate selected paddy irrigation systems by providing food for work incentive for 1,000 farmers.

To subsidise paddy seeds for the selected poor and vulnerable farmers

To facilitate the community health system by providing subsidies for village medicine posts ( os Obat Desa)

To facilitate community dialogue and meetings in 60 villages to solve the current problem and instigate preparedness. This program will be implemented by the interfaith facilitators.

VII. ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING

Administration

Yakkum Emergency Unit in co-operation with all YAKKUM Units and YEU Interfaith Networks will be responsible for the implementation of this project. The health teams in both central and east Java will consist of a co-ordinator, 1 Medical Doctor, 3 nurses and 1 ambulance driver from Yakkum Unit along with Interfaith Network Volunteers and 6 persons from Local Interfaith Organisations.

Environmental Health team in East Java will consist of a co-ordinator, 6 volunteers from Local Interfaith Organisations and in Central Java, a co-ordinator and 10 persons from local Interfaith Organisations.

There will be a logistics team consisting of 15 persons from local Interfaith Organisations in both Central and East Java. The Network Development, Mental Health and Community training will be carried out by 10 persons form the Local Interfaith Organisations.

The following will need to be rented:

• 2 trucks for the distribution in East and Central Java
• 2 ambulances for the medical mobile team in East and Central Java
• 2 multipurpose cars for environmental health and other activities
• 8 motor cycles for volunteer mobilisation in East and in Central Java
• 2 warehouses
• 2 secretariat/post in Situbondo and Kudus
• 2 computers and 2 telephone sets in both regencies
• Minimum office equipment in central co-ordination office in Solo/Yogya.

Monitoring: will be carried out by the project manager, project supervisor and by funding partners

Reporting: will be according to ACT regulations.

VIII. IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE

Crisis Phase: 3 months ( Mid of February - Mid of May 2002)
Post Crisis Phase: 3 months ( Mid of May - Mid of August 2002)

IX. COORDINATION

There is regular communication with YTB and CWS Jakarta for relevant information or possible support. All field information based on CD Bethesda's medical rapid response and needs assessment, are shared with all ACT members in Indonesia.

There is also co-ordination with local authorities - Dinas Kesehatan (The Health sub Department) and Kantor Kesbang and Linmas (government offices for community protection) of Situbondo Regency

CD Bethesda also co-ordinates with the following organisations:

• Center of Regional Research, Information and Facilitation Surakarta (Central Java) and Surabaya branch (East Java). These are informal the youth group organisations of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) the largest traditional Muslim organisation in Indonesia.
• PCNU (Pengurus Cabang NU or board of NU) in Probolinggo
• Volunteers Team of Keuskupan (Diocese) Malang (East Java)
• Mennonite Community in Surakarta and Central Java
• Protestant Churches in East Java and Central Java
• Protestant Hospitals in East Java and YAKKUM Hospitals in Central Java
• Interfaith Community in Kudus, Pati and Demak consists of CD Bethesda secretariat office in Pati, YPPS, PMII

ACT is a worldwide network of churches and related agencies meeting human need through coordinated emergency response.

The ACT Coordinating Office is based with the World Council of Churches (WCC) and the Lutheran World Federation (LWF) in Switzerland.

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