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This new exercise (Round 10) of the Displacement Tracking Matrix indicates a presence of 1,287,593 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Haiti, an increase of 24% compared to the previous exercise (Round 9 – December 2024). The main reasons for this increase are armed violence that spread to the Centre department (in the municipalities of Mirebalais and Sauts d’Eau between March and April 2025), the increased armed attacks during the first quarter of 2025 in the Metropolitan Area of Port-au-Prince (MAPAP; the country’s capital), as well as the intensification of armed attacks in the municipality of Petite Rivière de l’Artibonite. IDPs in Haiti now represent 11% of the Haitian population (for Haitian population figures: see UNFPA estimates, 2024).
The Centre and North departments have seen the largest increases in the number of IDPs they are hosting, rising from 67,608 to 147,230 IDPs (i.e., +118%) and from 64,621 to 115,657 (+79%) respectively. Localities in these 2 departments were primarily those which hosted populations who fled armed attacks in Mirebalais and Sauts d'Eau.
The majority of IDPs continue to be hosted in provinces: 77% compared to 23% in the capital. It should be noted that in previous years, the majority of IDPs in provinces were people who fled the capital. However, following the spread of violence in the Centre region and its intensification in the Artibonite region, Round 10 assessments indicate that the majority of IDPs in provinces are no longer made up of people who fled the capital, but rather from other areas in provinces. Indeed, of all IDPs hosted in provinces, 45% fled the capital (this proportion was 56% in Round 9) and 55% left rural areas in provinces. The municipalities of Gressier (located in the West), Mirebalais (Centre), and Petite Rivière (Artibonite) are the main areas outside the capital that generated the most displacement in provinces.
The number of sites has almost doubled, from 142 to 246 sites, particularly following the attacks in the Centre, which led to the creation of multiple sites in this department, which now has 85 sites, compared to none in previous rounds. For the first time, the number of sites in provinces has become higher than in the capital: of the 246 sites, 97 are located in the capital and the rest in provinces, particularly in the Centre. However, the number of people residing in sites remains higher in the capital than in provinces, as many sites in provinces are sparsely populated. On average, a site in the capital accommodates 2,000 people compared to 126 in provinces.
Despite the proliferation of sites, it should be noted that the majority of IDPs are still hosted outside of sites/host families (83% vs 17% in sites), putting significant pressure on the already limited resources of these host communities. The capital remains the only area where the majority of IDPs are in sites (66% vs 34% outside of sites/with host families), while 98% of IDPs hosted in provinces are outside of sites/host families vs 2% in sites.
The priorities of the main needs expressed by key informants in IDPs’ host locations remain the same as in Round 9: in order of priority, food, access to livelihoods, health, water, hygiene, and sanitation (WASH), and shelter. It should be noted that Food, WASH and Non-Food Item needs were expressed more in sites than outside.