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Gang related violence in Haiti: Risks and protection needs in Haiti at the end of 2024 reached worrying levels, in a context characterized not only by an alarming intensity of violence by armed gangs and self-defense groups, but also by police operations violating human rights standards in certain circumstances. For example, between December 6 and 11, 2024, the gang controlling the Wharf Jérémie district (Cité Soleil commune), led by Micanor Altès, alias Wa Mikanò, killed at least 207 members of the population, including 127 elderly people. The majority of the victims were accused by the gang leader of being responsible for the death of his son, due to their practice of vodou (Wharf Jérémie report). This recent massacre illustrates the extent to which people living in underprivileged neighborhoods are now at the mercy of gang leaders, who have “the right to life or death”, with complete impunity.