Attachments
Executive Summary
Ethiopia is among the few countries with unstable malaria transmission. Malaria is mainly seasonal in the highland fringe areas and of relatively longer transmission duration in lowland areas, river basins and valleys. Approximately 60% live malaria-endemic areas in Ethiopia, chiefly at altitudes below 2,000 meters. The main malaria parasites are P. falciparum and P. vivax, accounting for 60% and 40% of all cases, respectively. Anopheles arabiensis is the main vector; An. pharoensis is also widely distributed in the country and is considered to play a secondary role in malaria transmission.
Due to the unstable nature of malaria transmission, major malaria epidemics had been one of the serious public health emergencies in the country. Recently, however, because of unprecedented scale-up and sustenance of key anti-malaria interventions throughout the endemic areas of the country, Ethiopia managed to record significant reduction in number of reported malaria cases and deaths. Moreover, there have not been any major malaria epidemics in the country for the last fourteen years.
Considering the achievements made so far and the global momentum in the fight against malaria, the country plans to eliminate the disease by 2030 from the country.
Accordingly, the national malaria elimination roadmap developed and launched. As of 2017, two hundred thirty nine (239) districts have already started elimination programme.
Subsequently, additional districts will be enrolled into elimination programme. With the endeavor of interruption of the local transmission, new tools and strategies are considered; and surveillance will become a core intervention.
Malaria vector control, malaria diagnosis and treatment, and malaria surveillance guidelines are incorporated in the national guidelines. Summary of main issues under each guidelines presented as follows.