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Overview
In 2022, Chad experienced significant increases in the levels of severe food insecurity, primarily driven by conflict, displacement, hikes in food prices, and climate shocks such as the worst floods in 30 years. Challenges included the global economic crisis, increases in global humanitarian needs [1], the limited availability of resources and supply chain challenges.
Chad hosted the largest number of refugees in West and Central Africa in 2022 - 592,700 refugees, 37,000 more than in 2021. The number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) remained large, with 381,290 IDPs in Chad’s Lac Region, as the presence of non-state armed groups kept driving displacement.
WFP strengthened collaborations and synergies with the Government of Chad, UN agencies, academic and research institutions, private and non-governmental partners, and exchanges through the South-South and Triangular Framework to enhance its impact and efficiency. WFP reached over 2.9 million people in 2022 [2], of whom 52 percent were women.
Over 1.1 million people received unconditional food assistance in WFP’s emergency responses. In a context of recurring and increasingly damaging food security shocks in 2022, the proportion of beneficiaries with acceptable food consumption fell by 17, 13 and nine percent, among local, refugee and IDP groups, respectively - compared to 2021 figures. Due to the limited funding availability, WFP could only provide refugees and IDPs with half rations in 2022; refugees received assistance for only six out of 12 months on average.
Severely food-insecure people rose during the lean season [3] to 2.1 million from 1.8 million in 2021. Due to funding challenges, WFP reduced its ration by 50 percent, reaching 920,554 vulnerable people - more than WFP has ever reached in Chad. The proportion of households with acceptable food consumption increased by 25 percent before and after the distributions, reflecting the difference made by WFP assistance.
WFP’s school feeding programme assisted 230,475 schoolchildren in 2022 - 99 percent of its plan. Attendance and retention rates among beneficiaries remained above 90 percent. However, the drop-out rate increased by five percent in a context where school children’s access to education was impacted by the floods, among other factors.
WFP malnutrition programmes reached 493,310 people, including some of its lean season assistance beneficiaries. The malnutrition treatment recovery rate remained above 95 percent, and the malnutrition prevention programme reached approximately double more beneficiaries than in 2021.
WFP’s integrated resilience programme, which includes asset creation, nutrition-sensitive and home-grown school feeding activities, benefited 146,130 people. One thousand nine hundred fifty women-headed households developed community-owned vegetable gardens powered by solar pump irrigation systems. WFP supported the construction of multi-purpose dike systems, enabling communities to harvest flood water for land cultivation, with some projects seeing a return on investment within 1.5 years.
WFP supported local economies by procuring over 26,744 metric tons of food (the equivalent of USD 13.5 million) in local purchases (half of the total commodities), of which 11 percent was sourced from 12 smallholder farmers (the equivalent of over USD 1.3 million). WFP also supported local retailers through its cash-based voucher programme.
In supporting humanitarian and development organisations, WFP’s logistics team transported 700 metric tons of mosquito nets, medication materials and other equipment; and its aviation service (UNHAS) carried out 62 lifesaving medical and security evacuations and transported light cargo to places within Chad and Cameroon. A total of 1,205 passengers travelled using UNHAS every month.
WFP continued to work towards the Sustainable Development Goals of Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Good Health and Well-being (SDG 3), Inclusive Education (SDG 4), Gender Equality (SDG 5), Climate Action (SDG13) and Partnerships for the Goals (SDG1 7), as part of its broader vision to connect its humanitarian efforts with development objectives.
Looking ahead, WFP is expanding its application of the Humanitarian-Development-Peace nexus approach to support communities in building infrastructure and sustainable food systems, as well as accessing education and livelihood opportunities. In this vein, WFP initiated a budget revision of its country strategic plan, which will be extended until the end of February 2024. Changes include increasing the integration of emergency school canteens and nutritional and asset-creation activities in its crisis response.