Attachments
Highlights/updates since the last map was sent on PacNet on 27 May 2025:
Dengue
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Cook Islands: The Ministry of Health has officially declared a dengue fever outbreak in Rarotonga on 22 May 2025. As of 28 May 2025, a total of 17 dengue cases have been reported, with nine currently considered active and eight have fully recovered. Tupapa is recording the highest number of dengue cases with six out of seventeen cases. Local transmission has been confirmed. The current circulating dengue serotype is Dengue Virus Type 1 (DENV-1) and Dengue Virus Type 2 (DENV-2). Stakeholder meetings are underway, and an island-wide clean-up and peri-focal spraying will continue for two weeks. No travel restrictions are in place, but precautions are advised. The public is urged to eliminate mosquito breeding sites, use repellents, wear long sleeves, and seek medical care if symptoms appear. The red alert for DENV-1 and DENV-2 is maintained. – Sources: Cook Islands 2025 Dengue Type 1 - Outbreak accessed on 3 June 2025.
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Fiji: As of 21 May 2025, the Ministry of Health and Medical Services reported 8,708 cases of dengue nationally with 4,357 cases in the Western division, 2092 cases in the Central, 2048 cases in Northern and 211 cases in the Eastern division. Additionally, there has been 1,768 admissions nationwide with more cases expected as health facilities continue to report cases. Four (4) deaths have been reported verified as attributed to dengue fever. Targeted interventions continue, including house-to-house surveillance, larviciding, mosquito control measures and public awareness programs. The dengue serotype causing the current outbreak is Dengue Virus Type 2 (DENV-2). The red alert for DENV-2 is maintained. – Source: Exchange with country focal person and Public Health Advisory: Dengue Fever Preparedness and Response accessed on 3 June 2025.
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French Polynesia: In EpiWeek 21, 55 new dengue cases (51 confirmed and 4 probable) were reported. Since November 27, 2023, a total of 2,086 cases have been recorded, including 1,874 confirmed and 212 probable cases. Four new hospitalisations were reported in EpiWeek 21. The positivity rate decreased, and hospitalisation rate increased compared to EpiWeek 20. The blue alert for DENV-1 is maintained. – Source: Bulletin de surveillance sanitaire de Polynésie française n°19 - 2025 shared with focal point on 3 June 2025.
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Kiribati: The Ministry of Health confirmed a dengue outbreak on 24 April 2025, after a significant rise in confirmed cases. As of 29 May 2025, the Ministry reported a total of 55 dengue confirmed cases and 225 suspected dengue cases with thirty-four cases admitted, of which twenty-nine have been discharged. Dengue cases range in age from 8 months to 84 years, with the most affected group being those aged 3 to 9 years and 20 to 39 years age group. Among all reported cases, 43% are female and 57% male. The serotypes that are responsible for this current outbreak are Dengue Virus Type 1 (DENV-1) and Dengue Virus Type 2 (DENV-2), tested at Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL), Melbourne Australia. The Ministry of Health is actively promoting health awareness on social media through posters, press releases, and videos. It continues to investigate cases, conduct house-to-house inspections in high-risk areas, eliminate mosquito breeding sites, and advise community members to maintain a clean and healthy environment. The red alert for DENV-1 and DENV-2 is maintained. – Source: Dengue Fever Situational Report #6 (29 May 2025) shared with focal point on 29 May 2025.
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Samoa: As of 26 May 2025, the Ministry of Health reported 56 lab-confirmed dengue cases in EpiWeek 21 (19-25 May 2025) bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 166 and one reported death since the declaration of the outbreak on 17 April 2025. The majority of cases (76%) are from Upolu Island, with an equal split between males and females. Most cases are concentrated in the Apia Urban Area and the Northwest Upolu regions, with individuals under 20 years old (74%) being the most affected. 22% of cases require hospitalisation, and of these admissions, 95% have been discharged. Of the 20 cases that have confirmed serotypes, 85% are DENV-1 and 15% are DENV-2. The Ministry of Health continues collaboration across sectors through a whole-of-government approach via the Integrated Vector Control Committee. Current response efforts are focused on source reduction and environmental sanitation measures, ongoing risk communication on dengue preventative measures on all media outlets while urging the public to wear long-sleeved clothing to minimize risk of infection, use mosquito nets and repellents, remain vigilant for severe symptoms and to seek medical attention immediately when necessary. The red alert for DENV-1 and DENV-2 is maintained. – Source: Dengue Fever Situational Report #6 (26 May 2025) shared with focal point on 29 May 2025.
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Tonga: As of 2 June 2025, the Ministry of Health reported nine new dengue cases, bringing the total confirmed cases to 824 since the declaration of the Outbreak on 19 February 2025, primarily affecting 10-19-year-olds. Three dengue-related deaths have been reported to date and three patients are currently hospitalised and in stable condition. Authorities continue case investigations, vector control at hot spot areas and public awareness efforts, urging residents to eliminate breeding sites, use protective measures, and seek medical attention for severe symptoms. The serotype that is responsible for this current outbreak is Dengue Virus Type 2 (DENV-2) identified by the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL), Melbourne Australia. The red alert for DENV-2 is maintained. – Source: Dengue Fever Outbreak, Situation report #56 (2 June 2025) shared with focal point on 3 June 2025.
Influenza
- French Polynesia: In EpiWeek 21, 19 new influenza cases (1 type A, 12 type B) were reported. Among these cases, there were six hospitalisations reported. Since EpiWeek 03, 757 influenza cases were reported with a total of 184 hospitalisations and twelve deaths. The positivity rate increased, and hospitalisation rate is relatively stable during this reporting period. Over the past four weeks, Influenza B has become the predominant strain in circulation. The blue alert for influenza B is maintained. – Source: Bulletin de surveillance sanitaire de Polynésie française n°19 - 2025 shared with PPHSN Coordinating Body focal point on 3 June 2025.
Pertussis/Whooping cough
- New Zealand: As of week ending on 23rd May, weekly pertussis cases in New Zealand increased to 50 from 45 in week ending on 16th May, bringing the total reported cases since the beginning of 2025 to 1326. According to the latest report from the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) 2,361 confirmed, probable and suspect cases have been notified since the start of the national epidemic on 19 October 2024. Of these, 206 cases (9.1%) have required hospitalisation with one reported death, with 96 (49%) of the 198 cases in infants under 1 year hospitalised. The blue alert is maintained. – Sources: Pertussis dashboard and Pertussis Report 19 April–16 May 2025 accessed on 3 June 2025.
Other Information:
Chikungunya
- Réunion Island: The ongoing chikungunya epidemic in Réunion Island has been experiencing a decline in the chikungunya epidemic since week 17 (21 to 27 April), but the virus's circulation remains active. From 19 to 25 May 2025, there have been 3,800 consultations and 62 visits to the emergency room. Since the beginning of the year, 193,300 consultations, 2,743 visits to the emergency room, 391 hospitalizations and fifteen deaths linked to chikungunya have been reported. The vaccination campaign which began on April 07 remains available for those aged 18 to 64 with comorbidities. Health Authorities emphasize monitoring for allergic reactions within 72 hours of vaccination and seeking immediate medical attention if symptoms occur. Health authorities are urging heightened vigilance for travelers to La Réunion, visitors are advised to take preventive measures against mosquito bites, including the use of insect repellent, wearing long-sleeved clothing, and staying in accommodations with screened windows or air conditioning. Returning travelers may pose a risk of introducing chikungunya to other regions, where Aedes mosquito vectors are present. It is recommended that returning travelers monitor for symptoms (fever, joint pain, rash) for up to two weeks and seek medical attention if symptoms arise. - Sources: Chikungunya : Les autorités sanitaires retirent les personnes de 65 ans et plus des cibles de la campagne de vaccination contre le chikungunya avec le vaccin IXCHIQ à La Réunion et à Mayotte and Chikungunya à La Réunion : semaine 19 au 25mai 2025 accessed on 3 June 2025.
Measles
- Australia: In Australia, between 1 January and 27 May 2025, 77 cases have been reported so far this year, mostly among unvaccinated individuals or those unsure of their vaccination status. Majority of the cases are reported from Victoria with 31 cases followed by New South Wales 21 cases, and Western Australia 19 cases. There is currently an increased risk of measles in greater Melbourne, in addition to the ongoing risk of measles importation in Victoria in travellers returning from overseas. The public who visited greater Melbourne area from early May have been advised to monitor for symptoms up to 18 days after exposure and to contact their GP if symptoms develop. - Sources: AHPC statement on measles,National Communicable Disease Surveillance Dashboard and New locally acquired measles cases in Victoria accessed on 3 June 2025.
- Canada: In Canada, for EpiWeek 21 (18 – 24 May 2025) there has been 244 new measles cases (233 confirmed and 11 probable) bringing the total to 2755 cases (2429 confirmed, 326 probable) across nine jurisdictions. The jurisdictions are as follows Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan. - Source: Measles and rubella weekly monitoring report accessed on 3 June 2025.
- United States: In the United States, the CDC reported a total of 1,088 measles cases across 33 U.S. jurisdictions, as of May 29th with 92% of these cases linked to fourteen outbreaks. The majority of cases are among unvaccinated individuals (96%), and 12% of the cases have resulted in hospitalization. There have been three confirmed deaths. The 33 jurisdictions that have reported measles cases are as follows, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York City, New York State, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington. - Source: Measles Cases and Outbreaks accessed on 3 June 2025.
Pertussis/Whooping cough
- Guam: As of 30 May 2025, the Guam Department of Public Health and Social Services reported one (1) laboratory-confirmed Bordetella pertussis case. The case is a 9-month-old unvaccinated child. This is the first laboratory-confirmed pertussis case for 2025 and the third laboratory-confirmed case in 12-months. Epidemiologic case investigation and contact tracing have been initiated to determine the source of the exposure. - Source: Press Release PR25-81 DPHSS Confirms One Case Of Pertussis in Guam shared with PacNet on 30 May 2025.
Zika
- Hawaii: The Hawaiʻi Department of Health (DOH) is investigating a confirmed travel-related case of Zika virus on Oʻahu, along with two individuals who may have been exposed. The most recent travel-related Zika case in Hawaiʻi was reported in 2019. Travel-associated cases were more frequently reported in Hawai‘i during 2015-2019 when Zika was circulating globally, peaking at 25 cases in 2017. No locally acquired cases have been documented in Hawaiʻi. Vector control teams are actively responding in affected areas, and the public is urged to take precautions to avoid mosquito bites and reduce mosquito breeding. Zika virus symptoms are typically mild, but infection during pregnancy can cause serious birth defects and pregnancy complications. - Source: DOH Investigating Travel-related Zika Case on Oʻahu accessed on 3 June 2025.