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Lebanon has seen a rapid escalation in conflict since 23 September 2024, with the Ministry of Public Health reporting over 1,000 fatalities as of 28 September. Social media reports analysed by Liveuamap show a heavy concentration of conflict activity in the southern governorates of South and El Nabatieh, as well as in the eastern governorates of Baalbek-El Hermel and Bekaa. Additional strikes have been reported in Beirut city, with news outlets reporting displacements and homelessness following these incidents.
The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) reported 120,000 new displacements in the week up to 25 September, to a total of 210,000 displacements since the onset of the conflict on 8 October 2023. These numbers have since increased sharply. By 30 September, the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Unit reported around 150,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in 750 collective centres – such as schools – alone. These populations were concentrated in western Lebanon, particularly in Mount Lebanon and Beirut governorates. Chouf district was hosting the largest population, at 29,100 IDPs. Displacement to collective centres previously constituted only a small proportion of displacement, with most residing in host communities. Lastly, a large number of displacements outside of Lebanon has occurred, with the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) having registered 100,000 cross-border movements by 29 September. While the majority were Syrian refugees, an estimated 40% were Lebanese households.