Ecuador: Oil Spill - Mar 2025

On 13 March, a major oil pipeline ruptured inland Ecuador, contaminating several rivers and outpouring into coastal areas. More than 300,000 people are affected, primarily due to the suspension of potable water in the area. The lack of safe access to water increases the risk of disease and heightens vulnerabilities and needs in affected communities that are already highly marginalized. On 20 March, the Government officially requested support from the United Nations, specifically noting the Joint Environment Unit (JEU) and UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC). The situation is further exacerbated by ongoing security challenges in Esmeraldas, one of the provinces most affected by the national security crisis, while heavy rains continue to hinder response efforts. (OCHA, 20 Mar 2025)

The rupture of the SOTE Pipeline on 13 March 2025 in the province of Esmeraldas caused, according to official sources, a spill of more than 25,000 barrels of oil, extending 86 km and affecting 11 parishes. Some 500,000 people have been affected by limited access to safe potable water, with serious health consequences, including respiratory conditions and exposure to toxic gases. The affected areas of the crisis face high violence, with the presence of criminal groups, raising concerns about the security situation. Provincial and cantonal EOCs have been activated, but gaps persist in the water, health, food security, and livelihood sectors. A state of emergency due to a natural disaster was declared throughout the province of Esmeraldas on 26 March. (OCHA, 27 Mar 2025)