Somalia’s surface and groundwater resources are under threat due to climate change and population growth. The unavailability of permanent streams and the country’s arid climate mean that the only...
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Somalia: Land Governance Review [EN/SO]
Land governance in Somalia has been marred by decades of conflict, instability, and state incapacity since the collapse of the state in 1991 and the destruction of both judicial and governance...
District Council Formation through Indirect Election in Southwest State of Somalia: Ameans To democratization
Southwest state is the third oldest federal member state, only preceded by Puntland and Jubbaland in Somalia’s fledgling federal arrangement. It consists of three regions (provinces), Lower Shebelle,...
Security Sector Reform In Somalia: Challenges and Opportunities
After a protracted, hotly contested and sometimes violent electoral transition process, in mid-May 2022, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud assumed the presidency of the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) for...
Somalia’s External Debt Relief: Pursuing Economic Reforms Beyond HIPC Initiative
After more than two decades of isolation from the global financial system, Somalia started to re-engage with international financial institutions (the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World...
Puntland’s Local Elections: A Transition to Social Contract
Puntland’s experimental local council elections in October 2021 were lauded successful in terms of decentralization of authority and democratization at the state level. Led by successive political...
Somalia is calling: Averting drought from becoming a famine
1. Introduction Drought is a natural phenomenon caused by a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, accompanied by high temperatures, leading to a shortage of water. Water shortages directly...
State of Somalia Report: SOS 2021 Year in Review
This report covers the period from January 2021 to December 2021. It presents and analyzes the main developments in the country with a focus on politics, security, economy, humanitarian issues and...
Prospects of food security in Somalia under looming climatic changes (November 2021)
Executive summary • From the climate crisis and the global pandemic to food insecurity, humanity faces unprecedented challenges that require resilient and sustainable solutions. Somalia, a country...
State of Somalia Report: SOS 2020 Year in Review
This report covers the period from January 2020 to January 2021. It tracks the main developments in politics, security and the economy as well as in the humanitarian sector and also looks at the role...
Somalia’s Agriculture and Livestock Sectors: A Baseline Study And A Human Capital Development Strategy
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As Somalia transitions from more than three decades of conflict to partial stability in many parts of the country, there is an opportunity for sustainable development. The national...
State of Somalia Report: SOS 2019 Year in Review
The State of Somalia (SOS) Report focuses on the main developments and key trends in politics, security, economy, social services and the role of external actors from 1 January to 31 December 2019...
Youth Migration in Somalia: Causes, Consequences and Possible Remedies
This research was aimed at investigating issues surrounding youth migration in Somalia. Citizens in seven populous cities in different geographical locations and administrations were surveyed and key...
Kenya + 1 more
Durable Solutions for Somali Refugees - A Case Study of the Involuntary Repatriation of Dadaab Refugees
Since 2014, over 73,000 Somali refugees have been repatriated from Dadaab – the world’s largest refugee camp in Kenya’s northeastern province. The majority of these returnees had previously fled from...
Somalia's Drought Induced Crises: Immediate Action and Change of Strategy Needed
APRIL 2017 The ongoing drought in Somalia – referred to in the Somali language as Sima, which means the leveler, ubiquitous or pervasive – has enveloped the entire country. If rain does not arrive by...
Gaalkacyo Conflict: Drivers, Contributors and Potential Solutions
Executive Summary Gaalkacyo has been a divided city since 1993, however, the renewed conflict is fundamentally driven by a struggle for land and resources and was triggered by the implementation of...
Land Matters in Mogadishu: Settlement, ownership and displacement in a contested city
Acknowledgments Competition over the control and ownership of land has long been acknowledged as a driving force behind violent conflict in Somalia. As Besteman and Cassanelli argue in their...