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The Right to Food and the Impact of Liquid Biofuels (Agrofuels)

This study examines the impact of biofuel production on the enjoyment of the human right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger. It follows from internationally recognised human rights that States have a core obligation to ensure freedom from hunger for all, and that any decisions which may negatively affect the enjoyment of the right to food should be reviewed. This has also been reiterated by the UN Human Rights Council in its resolution adopted on 22 May 2008 as the result of its special session on the food crisis from
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Conflict-Induced Migration and Remittances: Exploring Conceptual Frameworks

Remittances - the money that migrants send home - are a key element in the socio-economic reality of many conflict-affected and post-conflict countries. However, conceptual frameworks for explaining the dynamics of remittances in conflict-affected settings are lagging behind emerging empirical evidence. This paper first explores relevant conceptual models from the literature on labour migration, and outlines some of their limitations. Second, it focuses on aspects of conflict-induced migration - specifically, the causation of migration, the situation of family left
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OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2008-2017: Highlights

This year's Outlook is set against a backdrop of exceptional increases in prices for many agricultural commodities, and this has posed a considerable challenge in preparing the projections and assessing the "durability" of the various influences shaping these prices. That is, which of the factors that are driving up prices are temporary and which will prove to be more permanent influences? How will they individually and collectively affect price levels, price trends and price volatility in the future? How will markets react to currently high prices and a more
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Project Report: the Gender Standby Capacity Project (GenCap) One Year Ahead

The Gender Standby Capacity Project (GenCap) is a pool of senior gender advisors who
are deployed to humanitarian situations to support the Humanitarian Coordinator (HC)
and cluster leads in mainstreaming gender equality programming across all sectors of
humanitarian action.

The GenCap Project is accompanied by an M&E project to assess the project's progress in its first year of operation towards three goals: the project's impact on programming; the sustainability of tools and mechanisms for gender equality programming
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Addressing the Global Food Crisis: Key Trade, Investment and Commodity Policies in Ensuring Sustainable Food Security and Alleviating Poverty

Executive summary
The recent global food crisis can be seen as a wake-up call which can be turned into an opportunity by developing countries and the international community to revitalize global agriculture production and trade and do more to rectify the systemic imbalances in global agricultural production and trade that have contributed over the years to today's problems. The crisis has highlighted inherent tensions that exist in regard to the agricultural food sector. Responses to the crisis will have to include both shortterm and longer-term measures, reflecting
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A Theory of Obligation

This article presents a theory of obligation in the context of humanitarianism. Its foundational assumption is that there exists a moral imperative to assist the structurally dispossessed and functionally abused. It builds particularly on the cross-disciplinary work (both academic and applied) of anthropologists, but also of political scientists, sociologists, human rights specialists, and others. The links between human rights and humanitarianism are stressed, while suggesting principles that can guide humanitarian organizations as they serve those
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Cyclone Nargis: Lessons for Operational Agencies

Report
ALNAP
The aim of this report is to assist agencies working in the response to Cyclone Nargis by highlighting key lessons that have been learned from other natural disasters, specifically floods, hurricanes and cyclones. The report distils main findings and lessons from evaluations and synthesis reports contained in the ALNAP Evaluative Reports Database (ERD), as well as other learning initiatives concerned with responses to natural disasters. Where possible it provides links to these documents as well as to additional relevant papers and web sites. These are listed
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Talking about Terrorism - Risks and Choices for Human Rights Organisations

Have human rights organisations responded adequately to the threat of international terrorism and official responses to that threat?
The new report "Talking about Terrorism: Risks and Choices for Human Rights Organisations" reaffirms that the core mission of human that the core mission of human rights advocates is to make sure that governments respect human rights and the rule of law. But fresh thinking is also needed. Human rights organizations should participate
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Durable Solutions for IDPs within the Context of Early Recovery: Draft Workshop Report - 28 - 30th May, Geneva, Switzerland

UNDP (BCPR) in partnership with UNHCR, OCHA and the Office of the RSG on the Human Rights of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) created a task force with the objective of addressing durable solutions for IDPs in early recovery contexts. The discussions were guided by the applicability of the Framework on Durable Solutions for IDPs in early recovery contexts and under the umbrella of the local level early recovery framework.

In order to address the different complexities that can arise from these issues in terms of conceptualization, operationalization
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High Food Prices: The What, Who, and How of Proposed Policy Actions

The complex causes of the current food and agriculture crisis require a comprehensive response. In view of the urgency of assisting people and countries in need, the first set of policy actions- an emergency package-consists of steps that can yield immediate impact:
1. expand emergency responses and humanitarian assistance to food-insecure people and people threatening government legitimacy,
2. eliminate agricultural export bans and export restrictions,
3. undertake fast-impact food production programs in key areas, and
4. change biofuel policies.
International Food Policy Research Institute:

Copyright © International Food Policy Research Institute

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Cash Transfers, Gender and Generational Relations: Evidence from a Pilot Project in Lesotho

Food aid has been the main response to repeated and protracted humanitarian crises in Lesotho since 2002, and during that time it has also been the major part of World Vision's emergency responses. Along with the government, donors and NGOs, World Vision is increasingly interested in the role that cash transfers can play in tackling hunger and vulnerability, and is implementing a pilot cash transfer programme in two districts in Lesotho - Maseru and Mohale's Hoek.

Whilst the potential for cash transfers to provide an appropriate and affordable response to chronic and emergency
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Women and War

Report
ICRC
War and violence today spare no one, but they affect men, women, boys and girls in different ways. More conflicts are now fought internally between rival ethnic, religious or political groups over the control of resources, territories or populations. But whether the violence is internal or cross-border, civilians are all too often caught in the firing line, directly targeted or endangered by the proximity of the fighting. Women and girls in war-torn countries are therefore faced with unimaginable risks, threats and challenges.

Women are not a homogeneous group, and
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Child Soldiers Global Report 2008

Child soldiers. Two simple words. But they describe a world of atrocities committed against children and sometimes by children. Committed in many different countries and often hidden from the public eye. We know how devastating these experiences are for children - thanks to the courage and determination of those who have spoken out and called on the international community to take action on their behalf.

This Global Report, the third produced by the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers, elaborates on progress
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Global Symposium +5 on Information for Humanitarian Action - Final Report

With the ever-changing humanitarian landscape, challenges and opportunities continue to characterize the humanitarian community's ability to share, manage and exchange information. While timely, relevant and reliable information remains central to effective humanitarian coordination and response, users increasingly expect information to support evidencebased advocacy, decision-making and resource allocation. Given these expectations, information professionals recognize they must work together to produce information tailored to serve a range of different
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs:

To learn more about OCHA's activities, please visit http://unocha.org/.

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Implementing UN Multidimensional and Integrated Peace Operations: A Report on Findings and Recommendations

The project on Multidimensional and Integrated Peace Operations was launched in 2006. This final and concluding report summarizes the key findings and brings together a number of recommondations on how to better implement multidimensional mandates in the wake of the dramatic increase in the demand for UN peacekeeping and peacebuilding operations.

The project covers a wide range of issues such as; improving strategic integration, the need for better alignments among relevant UN entities, the need for stronger leadership and incentives,
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Targeting the Unarmed: Strategic Rebel Violence in Civil War

Rebel attacks on civilians constitute one of the gravest threats to human security in contemporary armed conflicts. But why do rebel groups kill civilians? The dissertation approaches this question from a strategic perspective, trying to understand when and why rebel groups are likely to target civilians as a conflict strategy. It combines quantitative studies using global data on rebel group violence with a case study of the civil war in Mozambique. The overall argument is that rebel groups target civilians as away of improving their bargaining
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Draft - Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) in Humanitarian Emergencies: What Should General Health Coordinators Know?

This document has been prepared for general health coordinators working at national and sub-national level in low and middle income countries. These include national-level Health Cluster members, such as general health coordinators for government, UN and non-UN international agencies and local NGO health programmes.

This document is largely based on the IASC Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings (IASC, 2007). It will likely be sufficient for general health coordinators (who have numerous responsibilities beyond mental health)
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Climate Change and Food Security: A Framework Document

Until recently, most assessments of the impact of climate change on the food and agriculture sector have focused on the implications for production and global supply of food, with less consideration of other components of the food chain. This paper takes a broader view and explores the multiple effects that global warming and climate change could have on food systems and food security. It also suggests strategies for mitigating and adapting to climate change in several key policy domains of importance for food security.