Protection and Human Rights

Maps and updates related to this term.

9 updates found
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01 Sep 1999

World
The Denial of Humanitarian Assistance as a Crime under International Law

Report
— ICRC
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This article seeks to clarify under which circumstances the denial of humanitarian assistance can constitute a crime under international law. Examining whether the denial of humanitarian assistance fits into the definition of existing crimes, three core crimes of international law are considered: war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide.

The study is set in the context of the regained relevance of these crimes with respect to the work of the ad hoc Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), Rwanda (ICTR), and the recent adoption
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01 Sep 1999

World
Decentralised Cooperation: A New Tool for Conflict Situations

Report
— World Health Organization
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This study examines the practice of Decentralised Cooperation (DC), i.e. the systematic co-operation links between local communities in donor countries and local communities in countries that need support, aiming to create and/or consolidate long-term cultural, technical and economic partnerships between the two.

The case study describes WHO's engagement in Bosnia-Herzigovina since 1997, involving 29 Italian local committees representing 164 municipalities, 10 provincial administrations, 7 regions and 120 NGOs. Describing characteristics of DC and analysing its effectiveness
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01 Sep 1999

World
SIPRI Yearbook Summary 1999: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security

Report
— Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Examining developments in the world security environment for the year 1998, this annual study explores three main areas; security and conflicts; military spending and armaments, and non-proliferation, arms control and disarmament.

"Although in 1998 there were fewer major armed conflicts than in 1989, world security has not made significant progress since the cold war ended. New concerns are generated by different factors both of an internal and of an international nature. On the one hand, some states, unable to provide basic governance and protection for
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01 Sep 1999

World
Protecting Refugees: A Field Guide for NGOs

Report
— UN High Commissioner for Refugees
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With particular focus on NGOs, this field guide aims to make core, legal concepts underpinning the protection of refugees accessible to the lay reader. It considers signs of possible protection problems during each phase of a refugee's life and suggests specific actions to be undertaken to address those problems.

Special protection issues are also examined, including women, children, older refugees, internally displaced persons and stateless persons. Finally, a list of related documents and publications is provided for more in-depth information about a particular subject, as
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01 Sep 1999

World
The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities: A Guide for Non-Governmental Organizations

Report
— Minority Rights Group
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On 1 February 1998, the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities entered into force. This was an important milestone because the Convention is the first legally binding multilateral instrument devoted to the protection of minorities in general. Its effectiveness, however, is likely to depend on whether it is taken seriously by governments and the strength of the Council of Europe's monitoring mechanism to oversee its implementation. The active involvement of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is crucial
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01 Sep 1999

World
1999 Report on International Religious Freedom

Report
— US Department of State
Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes remain determined to control religious belief and practice. The result--inevitably--is persecution. Other regimes are hostile to minority or unapproved religions. Some tolerate, and thereby encourage, persecution or discrimination. Although acts of violence against religious minorities may have several causes--for example, ethnicity, or a perceived security threat--multicausality does not necessarily diminish the significance of religion.

Occasionally a nation's policy on religious

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31 Aug 1999

Serbia + 2 others
Western diplomacy and the Kosovo refugee crisis

Report
— Forced Migration Review, University of Oxford
This article argues that Western diplomatic options in Kosovo were not fully exhausted before resorting to the use of force.
Recent violent events in Kosovo are part of an independence struggle that has existed for many years in both the old and new Yugoslavia. Until the NATO intervention, the most important new factor was an increase in the use of force by both sides to the conflict. This escalation followed a period during which Kosovo's Albanians were denied some of their basic human rights and openly expressed their intention
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31 Aug 1999

Serbia + 1 other
Kosovo: Failing the internally displaced

Report
— Forced Migration Review, University of Oxford
The people most at risk in Kosovo throughout the long emergency were the internally displaced.

Whereas the 900,000 ethnic Albanians forced out of Kosovo received protection and assistance from the international community, those forcibly displaced inside basically remained unaided and unprotected. Between 24 March, when NATO airstrikes began, and 20 June, when Yugoslav forces withdrew, an estimated 400,000 to 500,000 people became uprooted within Kosovo.

Assault and displacement

Unlike in other emergencies, most of

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01 Aug 1999

World
Kosovo: Protection and Peace-Building

Report
— Human Rights First
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This report examines the protection situation for refugees, returnees, internally displaced persons and minorities in Kosovo, as well as safeguards for the rights of those who have not yet returned. In addition, the role of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees within the overall structure of the UN Interim Administration in Kosovo is assessed.

The product of a mission to Kosovo from 29 July to 2 August 1999, the report builds on the work of a previous mission to Albania in June 1999, assessing the protection needs and problems of the 400,000 Kosovar Albanian refugees in Kosovo.

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