Protection and Human Rights

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In the Face of Disaster: Children and Climate Change

Executive summary

The consensus on climate change is clear: it is already happening and is likely to lead to an increase in the frequency and intensity of natural disasters. It will be people in the poorest countries, especially children in those countries, who will bear the brunt of these disasters, despite having played no role in causing climate change.

The resulting impact on children is likely to be dramatic.
- Malaria, currently responsible for the death of around 800,000 children under five years old in Africa each year, is set to increase.
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Climate Change and Human Rights: A Rough Guide

This report discusses a spectrum of human rights concerns raised by anthropogenic climate change and by the strategies devised to address it. It does not seek to reframe climate change as a "human rights issue" or to buttress the many existing grounds for urgent cuts in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with human rights rationale. Rather, it pinpoints areas where climate change will have direct and indirect human rights impacts, and where human rights principles might sharpen policy-making on climate change, including in the two core policy areas of adaptation
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Disabilities Among Refugees and Conflict-Affected Populations

Too often invisible, too often forgotten and too often overlooked, refugees with disabilities are among the most isolated, socially excluded and marginalized of all displaced populations. As this pioneering research by the Women's Commission for Refugee Women and Children reveals, those with disabilities are more limited by our actions than by their own physical and mental abilities. The way we design and construct camps can impede their access to vital services; the way we distribute food without taking their specific needs
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To Complain or Not to Complain: Still the Question - Consultations with Humanitarian Aid Beneficiaries on Their Perceptions of Efforts to Prevent and Respond to Sexual Exploitation and Abuse

It has been more than four years since discoveries of pervasive misconduct and the subsequent release of the UN Secretary-General's Bulletin catalysed humanitarian organisations to reevaluate their capacities for preventing and responding to sexual exploitation and abuse. In order to envision global prevention and response strategies, there was a close examination of current practices which exposed weak or nonexistent codes of conduct, poor awareness of rights and duties, nonexistent or confusing complaints mechanisms and few (if any) on-staff investigators.
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Alert 2008! Report on conflicts, human rights and peace-building

Alert 2008, Report on conflicts, human rights and peacebuilding is a study carried out annually by the School for a Culture of Peace at the Universitat Aut=F2noma de Barcelona, providing an overview of the world situation at the end of the year in terms of conflict and peacebuilding. Despite the high number of armed conflicts and social and political situations of tension as well as the increase of hostilities in many contexts, the year 2007 ends up with several contexts that can be highlighted as opportunities for peace in the near future. They comprise
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Sustainable Elimination of Iodine Deficiency: Progress since the 1990 World Summit for Children

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are the single greatest cause of preventable brain damage worldwide. This report reviews global and national efforts to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders since the 1990 World Summit for Children set the goal of virtual elimination of IDD. It captures the lessons learned and best practices in various countries and proposes an agenda against IDD to stem adverse effects on international development and human potential.
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UNICEF Annual Report 2007

The Annual Report 2007 details UNICEF's work on behalf of children and their families in 155 countries and territories. The report outlines the challenges and accomplishments of UNICEF and its vast network of partners in their quest to fulfill the Millennium Development Goals. Highlights include the historic drop in deaths of children under five, dipping below 10 million in 2006, successful 'Go to School' campaigns in countries emerging from crises, innovative programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV and on-the-ground responses to natural and human-made cataclysms.
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2008 World Drug Report

The World Drug Report 2008 shows that the recent stabilization in the world drugs market is under threat because of a surge in opium and coca cultivation in rebel-held areas of Afghanistan and Colombia. Higher drug use in developing countries could also undermine recent progress in drug control.

The report also shows that less than one in every twenty people aged 15-64 have tried drugs at least once in the past 12 months. Problem drug users (people with severe drug dependence) are less than one tenth of this already low percentage: 26 million people,

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Prevention of Genocide and Mass Atrocities and the Responsibility to Protect: Challenges for the UN and the International Community in the 21st Century

This report is the first in The Responsibility to Protect Occasional Paper Series. It summarizes the discussion from the recent policy roundtable held in Stellenbosch, South Africa organized in cooperation with the University of Cape Town's Centre for Conflict Resolution and the Office of the UN Special Adviser for the Prevention of Genocide.
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Gender Sensitivity: Nicety or Necessity in Peace Process Management?

The phrase 'gender sensitivity' is perhaps an unfortunate piece of jargon, but it is a convenient shorthand since a better, simpler and less loaded phrase does not yet present itself. As most people know, but many still do not fully grasp, 'sex' refers to biological differences, while 'gender' describes the characteristics that a society or culture defines as masculine or feminine. So in one sense, being sensitive to gender is not a matter of nicety or manners, but very much correlated with being sensitive to culture. It will help an analyst
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Ends & Means: Human Rights Approaches to Armed Groups

Sri Lanka, Sierra Leone, Kosovo, Rwanda, the Philippines, Chechnya, Somalia, Northern Ireland, Spain. Armed groups are active in numerous civil conflicts. Considered "terrorists" by some, and "liberation fighters" by others, there can be no doubt that such groups have been responsible for serious abuses of human rights.

These abuses primarily affect civilians who are caught in the conflict, but they raise many concerns for organisations that work for peace, protect human rights, or provide humanitarian relief.
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Crackdown in Khartoum: Mass Arrests, Torture, and Disappearances since the May 10 Attack

Following an attack on May 10, 2008 by rebel forces on Omdurman-one of the three towns that form the Sudanese capital Khartoum-the Sudanese authorities arbitrarily arrested hundreds of men, women and children. Many were subjected to torture and "disappearance." The authorities also intensified censorship of the media and harassment of journalists and human rights defenders.

A Human Rights Watch investigation in May 2008 found that over the four weeks following the attack by the rebel Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), the National Intelligence and Security
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Informe Anual 2007 del Observatorio para la Protección de los Defensores de Derechos Humanos

El Informe Anual 2007 del Observatorio para la Protección de los Defensores de Derechos Humanos presenta un análisis, país por país, del contexto político que prevaleció en 2007, así como de los principales tipos de represión en contra de los defensores de derechos humanos, ilustrados por casos individuales o colectivos de represión.
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Africa's Human Rights Architecture

This volume emerged from a policy seminar organised by the Centre for Confl ict Resolution (CCR) in Cape Town, South Africa, in June 2007. The broader objective of the seminar was to explore the development of continental and regional human rights institutions in Africa. To ensure comprehensive coverage of the subject, six sub-themes were formulated.

These included:
- African Perspectives on Human and Gender Rights;
- The AU's Human Rights Institutions and the Challenges and Imperatives of a Merged African Court;
- Regional Human Rights Institutions in Africa;
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FAO Right to Food Newsletter No. 3, May/June 2008

The overarching theme of this issue is "capacity building and training." Capacity building is a "buzz word," in particular in the context of international cooperation - but what does it actually mean? It encompasses human resource and organizational development and is about the elaboration of management structures, processes and procedures. It is the process through which individuals, organisations and societies obtain, strengthen and maintain the capabilities to set and achieve their own development objectives
over time.

In this Newsletter, we will also show
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Women as Equal Partners: Gender Dimensions of Disaster Risk Management Programme

'Women as Equal Partners'' documents significant gender mainstreaming initiatives taken up under the programme. These good practices attempt to capture ongoing gender equity initiatives and activities involving different stakeholders. The rationale of brining out a special publication is to highlight gender dimension of the programme and to record those initiatives that promote women's participation in areas where women are traditionally not well represented.
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Muslim Aid Australia - Annual Report 2007/2008

Report
Muslim Aid
The beneficiary community is MAA's number one programming priority. We appreciate the importance of playing a facilitator role through supportive means while ensuring communities take program ownership. Through empowerment and mobilisation, a welfare mindset or paradigm is transformed towards being or becoming contributors and leaders for one's own community development. Local community needs, including the local way of life, knowledge and skills are considered through active dialogue and involvement throughout any project cycle. Any new community identity, system
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Gender Impact Strategy for Agricultural Development

The Agricultural Development strategy identifies the participation of smallholder farmers as a critical feature of our ultimate success. Women comprise the vast majority of smallholder farmers and food producers. We recognize that in most areas in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia women are afforded less status than men, have less access to resources, and have greater responsibilities given their dual reproductive and productive roles in rural households. It is our belief that to achieve dramatic and sustainable improvements in the lives and wellbeing of the smallholder
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Gender and climate change: mapping the linkages - A scoping study on knowledge and gaps

Report
BRIDGE
The issue of climate change is not new, but its take-up as a key development concern and its integration into pro-poor planning is a fairly recent departure. Even more recent is the integration of a gender-sensitive perspective in climate change research and responses. For this reason, there is little existing research considering the linkages between climate change and gender. Similarly, while there is a wealth of literature on gender and the environment, gender and energy, gender and water, gender and conflict and gender and disasters, there are few explicit
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Iraq: IOM emergency needs assessments (post Feb 2006 displacement in Iraq) 01 Jun 2008 bi-weekly report

Following the February 2006 bombing of the Samarra Al-Askari Mosque, escalating sectarian violence in Iraq caused massive displacement, both internal and to locations abroad. In coordination with the Iraqi government's Ministry of Displacement and Migration (MoDM), IOM continues to assess Iraqi displacement through a network of partners and monitors on the ground.

Most displacement over the past five years (since 2003) occurred in 2006 and has since slowed. However, displacement continues to occur in some locations and the humanitarian situation of

International Organization for Migration:

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