Many millions of civilians continue to be deliberately targeted in war today, or suffer from the extreme consequences of armed conflict with its inevitable disruption, deprivation, displacement, disease and discrimination. Millions of others need protection in the many natural disasters or protracted social conflicts that come to dominate their lives. People at risk are usually the main actors in their own protection - making extraordinary efforts to protect themselves and their families. But there is also much that humanitarian agencies can do to help them and to mobilise responsible authorities.

How can people at risk in war and disaster be better protected? And what practical role can humanitarian agencies and their staff play in helping to bring about such protection on the ground? This guide aims to provide some answers to these questions, and is intended as a practical guide for field staff in humanitarian agencies.