JANUARY - DECEMBER 2000

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

New Approaches

In August 1999, the United Nations (UN) Secretary General, in his report on Somalia to the UN General Assembly, stated that there must be a re-appraisal of the international community’s relationship and approach to Somalia in an effort to re-establish a functioning state and seek national reconciliation. The realisation of a new common strategy will take time and commitment from all the stakeholders in Somalia’s prosperity: this concerns the Somalis themselves, but also the UN system, the donor community, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other aid partners. While steps toward this approach are taken, humanitarian crises are likely to persist for the foreseeable future.

Stability and Crisis

Somalia is a country of contrast: local administrations in the north, supported by the international community have achieved a degree of peace and stability; in the central and southern regions, most of the features are of a ‘complex emergency’ nature (although there are pockets of vulnerable groups in the North). Some of these key features include:

• thousands of persons who are directly affected by sporadic inter-factional fighting resulting in deaths, injuries, looting, and rape;
• approximately 1.2 million persons estimated to be at risk to severe food insecurity;
• depleted household assets and a fractured economic and social infrastructure;
• an estimated 1.6 million persons residing in Mogadishu, Lower and Middle Juba, parts of Gedo and Lower Shabelle who are not accessed by UN programmes due to insecurity;
• population displacement - about 40-50,000 persons in the last twelve months with a total of about 300,000 in the whole region - due to conflict, lack of food and water shortage;
• only one-third of the population has ready access to safe potable water;
• one fifth of children suffer from malnutrition;
• endemic and epidemic killer diseases (such as cholera, malaria and tuberculosis);
• ten percent of children between the age of 6 and 14 are enrolled in schools.

CAP 2000

The UN Agencies have set out in the UN Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal (CAP) for the year 2000 a series of key interventions designed to assist vulnerable households and communities most affected by emergency crises. A total of US$ 50.6 million is required to provide resources for the ‘core humanitarian strategy’ to respond to such emergencies. The central message of the CAP 2000 is the need for resources and field capacity to ensure:

• a coherent and flexible humanitarian response in the coming twelve months;
• timely delivery of assistance so that actions may offset, or at least mitigate, the combined effects of conflict or naturally triggered disasters in the future.

With the ‘humanitarian strategy’, UN Agencies present an integrated approach:

• to ensure the assistance and protection of vulnerable groups;
• to support sustainable return and reintegration underpinning the complex nature of livelihoods;
• to address short and long-term needs; and,
• to counter the threats posed by war and disaster.

GUIDE TO THE CONSOLIDATED APPEAL

The UN Inter-Agency Consolidated Appeal (CAP) 2000 for Somalia sets out for the reader two main themes: an outline of the need for a long-term process involving all stakeholders in Somalia to establish national reconciliation and to rebuild a war-torn society. the need for urgent humanitarian assistance, amounting to US$ 50.6 million (set out in Table I overleaf), to enable UN Agencies and partners to prevent and respond to the current emergency crisis. The outline of the document is as follows: CHAPTER ONE Overview Section and Somalia in context This section describes Somalia today in the context of modern trend, and draws the distinction between the two different environments: north and south Somalia. CHAPTER TWO Common Humanitarian Action Plan This section outlines the principal components of the ‘core humanitarian strategy’ for the UN system. It comprises two parts: Background: Scenarios; Competencies; and Statement of Humanitarian Principles. Humanitarian Strategy: Goals; Humanitarian Strategies; Assistance and Protection; Support Services; Prioritisation; and Indicators for Meeting Sectoral Objectives. CHAPTER THREE Sectors and Priorities This section outlines the main sectors and themes of UN intervention in Somalia, with an emphasis on humanitarian intervention and the ways toward longer-term strategies. ANNEX I: Summary of UN Agency Project Documents for the CAP ANNEX II: Summary of UN Agency Programmes and Activities in Somalia

Table I: Total Humanitarian and Other Priority Assistance Proposed for the 2000 United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for SOMALIA January - December 2000
SECTOR/THEME	HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE	OTHER PRIORITIES	TOTAL (US$)
Food Security and Protection of Livelihoods	13,788,664	898,000	14,686,664
Health and Nutrition	8,035,500	4,471,100	12,506,600
Water and Environmental Sanitation	4,740,000	1,660,000	6,400,000
Education	5,403,800	4,531,800	9,935,600
Reintegration of Refugees	10,592,219	21,513,891	32,106,110
Human Rights and Gender	1,200,000	730,000	1,930,000
Public Administration	5,300,000	4,050,000	9,350,000
Economic Development and Infrastructure	0	35,850,000	35,850,000
Support Services	1,492,600	0	1,492,600
TOTAL	50,552,783	73,704,791	124,257,574

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• Guide to the Consolidated Appeal
• Table I. Total Humanitarian and Other Priority Funding

CHAPTER ONE: OVERVIEW SECTION AND SOMALIA IN CONTEXT

• Introduction
• Overview of Somalia
• A Land of Dichotomy
• Table II. Operational Matrix
• Table III. Priority Funding Requirements for Humanitarian Activities

CHAPTER TWO: COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN

• Introduction
• Background
• Humanitarian Strategy
• Table IV. Total Funding Requirements for UN Activities in Somalia

CHAPTER THREE: SECTORS AND PRIORITIES

• Introduction
• Food Security and Protection of Livelihoods
• Health and Nutrition
• Water and Environmental Sanitation
• Emergency Education
• Reintegration of Returnees
• Human Rights and Gender
• Public Administration
• Economic Recovery

ANNEX I. Summary of Projects
ANNEX II. Summary of Agency Programmes
ANNEX III. Donor Response to the 1999 Appeal
ANNEX IV. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
ANNEX V. Acronyms and Abbreviations

Note: The full text of this appeal is available on-line in Adobe Acrobat (pdf) format and may also be downloaded in zipped MS Word format.

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Extra printed copies of this appeal are available by writing to:

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
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CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

Tel.: (41 22) 917 1234
Fax: (41 22) 917 0023
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