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The Evolving Problem of Competing Militias

The war in Syria is currently in a particularly complex phase with conflicting reports of rebel progress. Jihadist militias are growing in strength and capability, making it probable that they will have considerable influence and even power in a post-Assad Syria. At the same time, there are indications that elements supporting the Assad regime, including the Iranian government, recognise this and are planning for the aftermath with their own militias.

Context

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Mali: Consequences of a War

Summary

The war in Mali and the recent attack in Algeria are being seen as the start of a new phase of the war on terror across North and West Africa - an existential threat that could last decades. This is a dangerous simplification of a much more complex problem and risks becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Context

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Betting on the Wrong Horse Again: Why Western Intervention is Destined to Fail in Mali (ORG on Channel 4 News)

This article was originally published by Channel 4 News on 22 January 2013.

Britain is on standby and the US is already transporting French troops into Mali. But a new paper says the west is "betting on the wrong horse" by intervening in the region.

Now well over a decade after the beginning of the so-called war on terror, yet again, another western nation is leading a military intervention against Islamist paramilitaries based in a largely ungoverned region of a state in the Global South, write Anna Alissa Hitzemann and Ben Zala for the Oxford Research Group.

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Agir ensemble pour le désarmement humanitaire - Sommet des campagnes de désarmement humanitaire

Communiqué

Nous représentons des organisations non gouvernementales et des coalitions engagées dans le désarmement humanitaire, avec comme objectif commun de protéger les civils des effets néfastes de la violence armée. Nous sommes réunis à l’occasion du 20 e anniversaire de la création de la Campagne internationale pour interdire les mines (ICBL), lauréate du Prix Nobel de la paix 1997, pour échanger, pour renforcer notre travail commun, et pour agrandir et unir notre communauté.

Human Rights Watch:



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Communiqué of the Humanitarian Disarmament Campaigns Summit

Nations Should Step Up ‘Humanitarian Disarmament’

31 Groups Urge More Protection for Civilians From Armed Violence

(New York, October 24, 2012) – Governments should increase efforts to achieve strong disarmament initiatives driven by humanitarian concerns, Human Rights Watch and 30 other nongovernmental organizations said in a communiqué issued today.

Human Rights Watch:



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Towards the recording of every casualty : Analysis and policy recommendations from a study of 40 casualty recorders

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Many violent deaths from conflict around the world are either poorly recorded or not recorded at all. This policy paper argues that comprehensive recording of the deaths of individuals from armed conflict can and should be done.

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Food Security and Climate Change

Background

Rising food prices point to a potential crisis later this year as poor communities across the world find themselves unable to afford basic foodstuffs. The crisis now unfolding has some similarities to the major problems that occurred in 2008 that led to food riots in many countries. It also has echoes of the much more severe World Food Crisis in 1973/74. This time, though, there is mounting evidence that climate change is playing a role.
A Crisis in the Making

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Casualty Recording in the Security Council’s Open Debate on the Protection of Civilians

The Oxford Research Group (ORG), together with the ORG-founded Every Casualty Campaign, have been working with states and UN agencies to highlight the need for better casualty recording practices in armed conflict within the context of the Protection of Civilians mandate at the UN Security Council. In response, the issue of recording was raised in the recent debate at the Security Council.

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Mali + 4 others
The risk of intervention

Monthly Global Security Briefing – June 2012

By Paul Rogers

Background

Oxford Research Group’s April and May briefings covered the current status of the al-Qaida movement and a loosely related development, the growth of the radical Boko Haram Islamist group in northern Nigeria. The analysis may be summarised thus:

· Al-Qaida as a structured group has declined from its period of maximum activity in the 2001-2005 period.

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The Generic Context of the Boko Haram Violence

Summary

A series of major attacks in Nigeria in April are presumed to be the work of militants from the Boko Haram movement. There is little sign that extensive and rigorous police and army action against Boko Haram has had any effect in curbing the movement. Indeed, it may be stimulating further support, leading in turn to increased international concerns over the longer-term prospects for stability in Africa’s most populous country.

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Competition Over Resources: Drivers of Insecurity and the Global South

Hannah Brock

The current security paradigm adopted by most governments and their defence forces is based on the flawed premise that insecurity can be controlled through military force or containment, thus maintaining the status quo. This has been termed the ‘control paradigm’ (see Abbott et al, 2006). We argue that a new way of approaching security is needed, one that addresses the drivers of conflict: ‘curing the disease’ rather than ‘fighting the symptoms’.

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New initiative on recording casualties of armed violence: NGOs draw up charter on the three key responsibilities of states

London: September 15th 2011, 9:30 am at the British Academy.

States have a clear but largely unmet responsibility for full and transparent reporting of those killed in armed violence around the world. This is the central message of a new initiative, the ‘Charter for the recognition of every casualty of armed violence’, launched Thursday at the British Academy and already endorsed by 37 humanitarian and human rights organisations from around the world.

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Afghanistan + 2 others
Discussion Paper: Drone Attacks, International Law, and the Recording of Civilian Casualties of Armed Conflict

If you use drones you must confirm and report who they killed, says legal team

GENEVA 23 JUNE 2011. International lawyers have identified an existing but previously unacknowledged requirement in law for those who use or authorise the use of drone strikes to record and announce who has been killed and injured in each attack.

A new report, 'Drone Attacks, International Law, and the Recording of Civilian Casualties of Armed Conflict', is published on 23 June 2011 by London-based think tank Oxford Research Group (ORG).

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Egypt + 2 others
Bonfire of the experts: The Arab uprisings and the Israeli-Palestinian question

Adapted from a presentation by Tony Klug to the Foreign Affairs Society at St Andrews University, Scotland, 14 April 2011

I am delighted to be here in St Andrews, in such illustrious company and such elegant surroundings, and I should like to thank the Foreign Affairs Society for the invitation. However, as you know, this is a difficult time for international relations pundits as once again we witness the bonfire of the experts.

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Working paper: The drone wars and Pakistan's conflict casualties, 2010

Jacob Beswick

The focus of this working paper, purposely left open to debate and amendment, in turn, is on civilian deaths caused by drones within Pakistan as reported by eight non-governmental and news organisations.

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ORG in Conversation: Truth Seeking, Truth Telling and Truth Keeping in Bosnia

Elizabeth Minor May 2011

"Crime is committed against victims, against people, so if you have no names and no truth about these people, how could you provide justice?"

ORG in Conversation with Mirsad Tokača: Truth Seeking, Truth Telling and Truth Keeping in Bosnia is the second in our interview series with leading experts on casualty recording around the world.

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NGOs call on UN to record every casualty of conflict in Libya

London, UK, April 18, 2011 -- Fourteen humanitarian and human rights organisations have this week called on the states implementing the “no-fly zone” in Libya to commit to recording and reporting on civilian casualties in that country.

Their call comes in an open letter (text below) sent to all members of the UN Security Council, the Arab League and the African Union.

Human Rights Watch:



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ORG OP-ED: A Possible Framework For Afghanistan Negotiations

Giandomenico Picco

April 2011

Summary

At a time when the issue of an Afghanistan political settlement is increasingly being discussed, what is the best framework for any talks? Would a "minilateral" forum at two levels' intra-Afghan and regional, offer the best opportunity for success? What should be the Afghan "national project" for the twenty first century – is it possible to shift thinking away from a state defined by its enemy? This would require more much imagination than a simplistic "friend-enemy" approach, writes ORG consultant Giandomenico Picco.