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01 Mar 2008

World
United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines

Report
— UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations
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Over the past six decades, United Nations peacekeeping has evolved into a complex, global undertaking. During this time, the conduct of United Nations peacekeeping operations has been guided by a largely unwritten body of principles and informed by the experiences of the many thousands of men and women who have served in the more than 60 operations launched since 1948. This document captures these experiences for the benefit and guidance of planners and practitioners of United Nations peacekeeping operations.
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01 Mar 2008

World
The Humanitarian Impact of Cluster Munitions

Report
— UN Institute for Disarmament Research
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The current international debate surrounding cluster munitions and the discussion of a ban or tightened restrictions on their use has focused attention on the humanitarian impact of these weapons. In addition to killing and injuring civilians and damaging infrastructure at the time of use, they invariably leave behind unexploded submunitions which continue to pose a threat to human life, restrict access to natural resources and impede post-war recovery and development processes for many years after their use. Over three decades after cluster munitions were
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01 Mar 2008

World
The Effectiveness of Foreign Military Assets in Natural Disaster Response

Report
— Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
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This study examines the advantages, limitations and implications of involving foreign military assets personnel, equipment and expertise-in the relief operations that follow major natural disasters. It presents the findings of a research project carried out by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) with the support of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).

Foreign military assets have made large contributions to several recent natural disaster relief operations, yet
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01 Mar 2008

World
Integrated Risk Management to Protect Drinking Water and Sanitation Services Facing Natural Disasters

Report
— IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre
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The increasing impact of natural disasters on communities, cities, and regions in the last 10 years has received special attention from multilateral agencies. They have concluded that the same factors which cause many countries to remain underdeveloped also contribute to an even greater vulnerability when faced with disasters. Overcoming this situation implies changing the traditional approach of reacting to major emergencies that result from disasters to a more integrated and preventive approach. This involves identifying in advance the nature and scale of
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01 Mar 2008

World
Against All Odds

Report
— Independent Author
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In the midst of the war in Iraq, the battle against 'Al-Qaeda' in Afghanistan and the on-going Israeli-Palestinian crisis, the Al-Babtain Foundation for Dialogue Between Civilizations held a two-day seminar in Kuwait City, March 30-31 entitled the 'Role of the Media in Dialogue Between Arabs and the West'. This seminar provided a forum for open discussion on a broad range of topics relating to cross-cultural dialogue.

What was the result? In short, the seminar provided an opportunity, within an Arab context, for western intellectuals,
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01 Mar 2008

World
The World Bank and Conlicts: From Narrow Rules to Broader Principles

Report
— Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
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This paper focuses on the World Bank and its relevance to conflicts, peacebuilding and post-conflict reconstruction. It relates to the international trend of increasingly more efforts put into inter-agency cooperation, multi-functional operations and policy harmonization - all of which come as a response to a new understanding of international conflicts and crises, and how best to respond to and solve them. This implies operations spanning the traditionally separate development, security and humanitarian segments. Due to its institutionalised apolitical mandate,
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01 Mar 2008

World
Turning the Tables: Aid and accountability under the Paris framework

Report
— Eurodad
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This report is the result of research in seven aid recipient countries, conducted by southern and northern civil society organisations, coordinated by the European Network on Debt and Development. This report focuses on progress against two principles of the Paris Declaration - ownership and accountability. These principles are the bedrock of aid reform but the area where least attention has been paid. While both donors and recipients have responsibilities to make aid more effective, this report concentrates on the responsibilities of donors
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01 Mar 2008

World
Using Quantitative and Qualitative Models to Forecast Instability

Report
— US Institute of Peace
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This report discusses the principles according to which one should or should not combine quantitative models and structural analogies in forecasting political instability. The goal is not to promote one method or the other, but to describe how using both methods in the most appropriate manner can yield superior forecasts.
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01 Mar 2008

World
Global Humanitarian Assistance 2007/2008

Report
— Development Initiatives
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Published in March 2008, Global Humanitarian Assistance 2007/2008 is the fifth in a series of reports produced by Development Initiatives as part of the wider Global Humanitarian Assistance (GHA) programme.

Chapter 1 attempts to quantify and analyse long-term trends in humanitarian assistance. How much official humanitarian assistance is there? How does it compare with aid expenditure as a whole? How generous are donors in terms of expenditure per citizen or as a share of gross national income (GNI)? What about other sources of humanitarian
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01 Mar 2008

World
Civil-Military Coordination Officer Field Handbook

Report
— UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
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The United Nations Civil-Military Coordination (UN-CMCoord) Officer Field Handbook has been elaborated around the core chapters of Transportation and Logistics; Security, Safety and Medical Services; as well as Communications and Information Management, developed through a series of technical workshops, made possible through the generous financial contribution by the Humanitarian Aid Department of the European Commission (DG ECHO).

Some 30 international UN-CMCoord trained experts with extensive field experience attended the workshops, ensuring
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs:

To learn more about OCHA's activities, please visit http://unocha.org/.

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01 Mar 2008

World
OCHA Gender Action Plan 2007-2008

Report
— UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
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Main achievements include:
- AIMB, CRD, ESB, and PDSB all produced coordinated gender action plans for 2008 including all sub-sections of the branch/division.
- The Civil-Military Coordination Section has developed a detailed gender action plan for the UN Civil-Military Coordination Training.
- The CERF, EPS, IRIN, and the Humanitarian Coordination System Strengthening Project joined the gender action planning process, developing action plans for 2008
- CRD conducted a major revision of its gender action plan in mid-2007 and has organised several briefings
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs:

To learn more about OCHA's activities, please visit http://unocha.org/.

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01 Mar 2008

World
Annual Review of Global Peace Operations 2008

Report
— Center on International Cooperation
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Peace Operations 2007: The Year in Numbers

Global demand for peacekeepers continued to rise in 2007. By the end of the year, there were over 160,000 peacekeepers
in the field.

The UN remained the centerpiece of the international peacekeeping system, providing nearly 50 percent of all peacekeepers in the field. In 2007, the UN's deployments of uniformed personnel grew by 10 percent to 83,000 personnel. In addition, there were nearly 20,000 civilian staff serving in UN peace operations.

For the second year, the United States
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01 Mar 2008

World
Annual Report 2008: Covering Activities in 2007

Report
— UN Office on Drugs and Crime
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Containing the world drug problem: Drug control is working, said the World Drug Report 2007, UNODC's flagship publication. Global supply, trafficking and consumption of cocaine, heroin, cannabis and amphetamines have stabilized. Worldwide efforts to contain the world drug problem have effectively reversed a quarter-century-long rise in drug abuse and headed off a global pandemic. Afghanistan, however, bucked the trend with soaring opium production.

Seeds of insecurity: In 2007 Afghanistan's opium poppy cultivation reached record levels. There have been some successes:
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01 Mar 2008

World
Dietary Diversity as a Measure of Women's Diet Quality in Resource-Poor Areas: Results from Rural Bangladesh Site

Report
— Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project
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In developing countries, where low-quality, monotonous grain- and tuber-based diets are the norm, the risk for micronutrient deficiencies is high. Women of reproductive age are among those most likely to suffer from micronutrient deficiencies, yet in developing countries there are very little data on women's micronutrient status and the quality of women's diets. Simple indicators are urgently needed to characterize diet quality, assess key diet problems (such as lack of animal products and/or fruits and vegetables) and identify subgroups of women that are
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01 Mar 2008

World
Global Future Edition 1, 2008 - Improving Sanitation for the World's Poor

Report
— World Vision
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Talking about sanitation is not "nice". It's a matter of life and death. Poor hygiene leads directly to diseases such as cholera and diarrhea - which in turn kill five million people a year, mostly children.

Better sanitation facilities could reduce diarrhea-related morbidity by more than one third, while improved hygiene, such as proper hand-washing, can halve the rate of diarrheal disease and respiratory tract infections in the first place.

According to a key United Nations report, more children die today because of unclean water and poor sanitation than
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01 Mar 2008

World
Humanitarian Agenda 2015: Final Report - The State of the Humanitarian Enterprise

Report
— Tufts University
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This report summarizes the findings of a major research project on the constraints, challenges, and compromises affecting humanitarian action in conflict and crisis settings. The building blocks are 12 case studies of local perceptions of humanitarian action, conducted in 2006 and 2007 in Afghanistan, Burundi,
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01 Mar 2008

World
Civil-Military Guidelines & Reference for Complex Emergencies

Report
— UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Download PDF (3.51 MB)
CIVIL-MILITARY GUIDELINES & REFERENCE FOR COMPLEX EMERGENCIES' is the first collection of core humanitarian instruments developed by the United Nations (UN) and the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) on civil-military relationship in complex emergencies. Its goal is to help promote respect for international law, standards and principles in these situations.

Engaging military support for humanitarian operations is not a new endeavour. In today's security environment, however, the military are ever more involved in the 'direct' provision of aid, while
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs:

To learn more about OCHA's activities, please visit http://unocha.org/.

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01 Mar 2008

World
Project on a Mechanism to Address Laws that Discriminate Against Women

Report
— UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
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The aim of the project was to examine the advisability of creating a new mechanism to address laws that discriminate against women. The terms of reference specified two key objectives. The first was to overview existing UN mechanisms to ascertain the extent to which they addressed the issue of discriminatory laws. This involved interviewing UN human rights and agency officials working in both Geneva and New York and also reviewing the reports and jurisprudence of human rights committees and special procedure mechanisms. The second was to try to get national
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01 Mar 2008

World
Women and the Right to Food: International Law and State Practice

Report
— Food and Agriculture Organization
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At the World Food Summit (WFS) in 1996, States set themselves the goal of reducing by
half the number of people suffering from hunger by the year 2015. In 2000, 'to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger' became number one of the Millennium Development Goals. Tackling the problems of hunger and malnutrition is, however, not only a policy commitment, but also a legal obligation. The right to food has been formally recognised in several instruments of international law, among which the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
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01 Mar 2008

World
Through the Eyes of a Child: Refugee Children Speak about Violence - A Report on Participatory Assessments Carried out with Refugee and Returnee Children in Southern Africa

Report
— UN High Commissioner for Refugees
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Children living as refugees and returnees in eight sub-Saharan Africa locations are suffering not only due to their refugee and returnee status, but also other factors over which they have no control: hostility and violence from local people (arising largely from competition over scarce resources and services), and pervasive sexual and gender-based violence. Children encounter violence and sexual assault in schools, communities and homes. Yet these problems are rarely acknowledged and the voices of young refugees are rarely heard.

Between 2005 and 2007 the United Nations

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