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Breaking the Conflict Trap: Civil War and Development Policy

Report
World Bank
With the risk of civil war being much higher in low-income countries than in middle-income countries, this report examines development as an effective instrument for conflict prevention.

Focusing primarily on the evidence on the efficacy of development for conflict prevention as well as proposing a practical agenda for action, the following chapters are offered:

- Cry havoc: Why civil war matters
- What fuels civil war?
- Policies for peace

The report aims to alert the international
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General Guidance for Interaction Between United Nations Personnel and Military Actors in the Context of the Crisis in Iraq

This document aims to provide practical guidance to UN personnel in their interaction with all military forces engaged in the Iraqi crisis, including Iraqi forces, those of neighbouring countries, and forces of the US and its allies.  It also provides some initial guidance regarding relations with military forces that may also be organs of an Occupying Power in Iraq.

The document is produced in the context of recent conflicts showing coordination between humanitarian and military actors, particularly in the early phases of a conflict, to be essential
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs:

To learn more about OCHA's activities, please visit http://unocha.org/.

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Forward Looking Evaluation of Gender Mainstreaming in UN-HABITAT

This evaluation assesses the achievements of the UN-HABITAT Women and Habitat Programme (WHP) and Gender Unit regarding women's empowerment and gender mainstreaming.

The lessons learned aim to enable the Gender Mainstreaming Unit and UN-HABITAT as a whole to improve gender mainstreaming in general and define tangible objectives and goals for gender mainstreaming, together with success criteria and practical gender-related outputs.

The evaluation was carried out through desk studies, e-mailed questionnaires, interviews and field visits to Ecuador
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The Quality of Money: Donor Behaviour in Humanitarian Financing

Report
Tufts University
This independent study examines donor behavior in financing humanitarian action, covering a number of implementation issues, including coordination, coverage of need, profile, management, and accountability for resources.

The report also deals with issues of time and timing, the architecture of donor organizations as well as those of implementing agencies, and the growing concern for effectiveness.

The study is based on more than 300 interviews of eleven bilateral agencies and eight multilateral agencies, from both
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Tackling Poverty by Reducing Armed Violence

This report provides recommendations on ways and means of integrating arms controls into development policy and programmes. The following questions are investigated:

- Is small arms availability and misuse a development issue?
- Why aren't development agencies more engaged?
- What needs to be done to engage development agencies more effectively?
- How can arms issues best be integrated into development programmes?
- What are the challenges of integrating SALW measures into national development policy frameworks?
- What are the challenges of integrating
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The Role of International Law and Human Rights in Peacemaking and Crafting Durable Solutions for Refugees: Comparative Comment

This document analyses and compares various comments and assumptions concerning the role of international law and human rights in peacemaking and crafting durable solutions for refugees.

The Paper was prepared for the BADIL Expert Forum, "The Role of International Law and Human Rights in Peacemaking and Crafting Durable Solutions for Refugees," held on the 21-23 May 2003, at the Ghent University.
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Justice Against Perpetrators, The Role of Prosecution in Peacemaking and Reconciliation

This working paper examines the relationship between Peace and Justice, and the impact of prosecution on peacemaking, in the short term, and reconciliation, in the long term.

Part I is an overview of the different judicial and non-judicial approaches to deal with past conflict, as well as an analysis of their effective contribution to peace and reconciliation through several experiences.

In Part II, the author examines the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia as one of the main judicial approaches currently functioning, and its role in achieving
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Essential Medicines- WHO Model List (revised April 2003)

This document presents a list of minimum medicine needs for a basic health care system, listing the most efficacious, safe and cost-effective medicines for priority conditions.

The document also includes a complementary list with essential medicines for priority diseases, for which specialized diagnostic or monitoring facilities, and/or specialist medical care, and/or specialist training are needed.
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MSF concerned about the fate of tens of thousands of refugees and internally displaced people trapped by recent fighting in Liberia

Report
MSF
The protection of and assistance to these populations can no longer be guaranteed.
Paris, Geneva, Brussels - Following violent combat in Liberia, some tens of thousands of refugees and internally displaced persons are now cut off from desperately-needed aid and assistance. Last week's fighting led to significant population displacement in eastern Liberia (near the border with Ivory Coast), central Liberia and in Monrovia's outskirts.

Thursday morning's attack on Zwedru (Grand Gedeh county) has left the entire eastern region bordering Ivory Coast

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UN agencies join response to help victims of landslide in Bolivia

Report
UN News Service
United Nations agencies have joined forces with local authorities and rescue workers struggling to deliver humanitarian aid to victims of a devastating landslide that hit a small gold mining village in northern Bolivia yesterday.
The UN country team in Bolivia dispatched an assessment mission today in support of local and national relief efforts responding to the landslide, which occurred in the small town of Chima, some 250 kilometres from La Paz. Although preliminary reports indicate that damage was extensive, heavy rains and flooding have cut off communications
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Eritrea + 7 others
Southern Africa: Despite Iraq, food crisis still on WFP's agenda

Report
IRIN
JOHANNESBURG, 1 April (IRIN) - The World Food Programme (WFP) on Tuesday said it remained committed to feeding some 40 million people across Africa, allaying concerns that the ongoing war in Iraq may distract from the food crisis on the continent.
This week WFP launched its highest ever appeal for emergency food aid in response to the Iraq crisis. The US $1.3 billion operation could evolve into the largest in the history of humanitarian assistance.

But WFP Executive Director James Morris told reporters in London that while "Iraq was needy, the humanitarian

IRIN:

A selection of IRIN reports are posted on ReliefWeb. Find more IRIN news and analysis at http://www.irinnews.org

Une sélection d'articles d'IRIN sont publiés sur ReliefWeb. Trouvez d'autres articles et analyses d'IRIN sur http://www.irinnews.org

This article does not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its agencies. Refer to the IRIN copyright page for conditions of use.

Cet article ne reflète pas nécessairement les vues des Nations Unies. Voir IRIN droits d'auteur pour les conditions d'utilisation.

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Colombia + 4 others
UNHCR briefing notes: Iraq, Colombia

Kris Janowski - Media Relations
This is a summary of what was said by the UNHCR spokesperson at today's Palais des Nations press briefing in Geneva. Further information can be found on the UNHCR website, www.unhcr.ch, which should also be checked for regular media updates on non-briefing days.

1) IRAQ REGION

Regionally, there are no reports of any substantial movements of Iraqi refugees across international borders.

In Iran, UNHCR and Iranian officials have agreed to continue preparations for a possible Iraqi refugee influx

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DRC: Parties endorse document of transitional constitution

Report
IRIN
SUN CITY, SOUTH AFRICA, 1 April (IRIN) - Government representatives and rebel groups from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), meeting in South Africa for the final session of the Inter-Congolese Dialogue, have unanimously endorsed a transitional constitution to govern DRC for two years.
The talks opened on Tuesday in Sun City, Pretoria, with a five-minute plenary session, involving delegates from the government, rebel groups, the political opposition, civil society and various militia groups. They endorsed the gobal agreement signed in Pretoria on 17 December 2002.
IRIN:

A selection of IRIN reports are posted on ReliefWeb. Find more IRIN news and analysis at http://www.irinnews.org

Une sélection d'articles d'IRIN sont publiés sur ReliefWeb. Trouvez d'autres articles et analyses d'IRIN sur http://www.irinnews.org

This article does not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its agencies. Refer to the IRIN copyright page for conditions of use.

Cet article ne reflète pas nécessairement les vues des Nations Unies. Voir IRIN droits d'auteur pour les conditions d'utilisation.

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Iraq: UNOIP Weekly Update 1 Apr 2003

Oil-for-Food Programme Asks Global Suppliers to Speed Humanitarian Deliveries for Iraq
An initial assessment of contracts in the United Nations humanitarian pipeline for Iraq has identified over $1 billion worth of goods and supplies as potential priorities for delivery over a 45 day period to 12 May.

The adoption of Security Council Resolution 1472 (2003) on 28 March, gave authority to the Secretary-General for 45 days to facilitate

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Aid for Iraq: UN Humanitarian Briefing, 1 Apr 2003

Transcript of UN Briefing in Amman
Nejib Friji, UN Spokesman

Annan meets with Arab countries for talks on situation in Iraq

Secretary-General Kofi Annan yesterday met with Arab countries to brief them and to hear their views about the situation in Iraq before starting a series of meetings this week with the regional groupings of UN Member States.

Speaking to reporters after the meeting, the Secretary-General said the Arab Group - which is not one of the five regional groups - were concerned about the situation on the ground, as

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WHO Iraq daily briefing notes, 1 Apr 2003

1. Supplies
Five WHO cholera kits and trauma kits have arrived in Kuwait. This will These will be moved into Iraq as soon as they are needed. Another five cholera kits and five trauma kits which were delivered to Amman over the weekend will be moved to Iraq as soon as possible.

2. Baghdad

In the capital, a team from the International Committee of the Red Cross has visited three hospitals dealing with war-wounded patients in Baghdad. The organization provided 250 blankets to Al Nur general hospital. An ICRC medical officer and a water engineer are planning to

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N.Korea may hand out bonds as part of wages

By Yoo Choonsik

SEOUL, April 1 (Reuters) - Cash-strapped North Korea is likely to hand out government bonds to its hunger-stricken people as part of wages or other payments, analysts said on Tuesday.

The interest-free 10-year ''People's Life Bonds'' are otherwise unlikely to attract much demand, they said.

The reclusive communist state announced the launch of the bonds last week, and analysts in Seoul said the move signalled an urgent need to paper up a budget shortfall and cap inflation.

They said that Pyongyang's implementation

Reuters - AlertNet:



For more humanitarian news and analysis, please visit www.trust.org/alertnet

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DRC: UNICEF gives $40.5 million for children's programme

Report
IRIN
NAIROBI, 1 April (IRIN) - The UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) has granted the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) US $40.5 million for the implementation of a three-year children's programme, UNICEF reported on Monday.
The UNICEF Board approved $48.6 million in additional financial resources "to ensure that the objectives are met during the three-year programme", the agency reported.

"The programme is expected to improve the respect of the rights of all Congolese children, particularly the most vulnerable ones," UNICEF reported.

IRIN:

A selection of IRIN reports are posted on ReliefWeb. Find more IRIN news and analysis at http://www.irinnews.org

Une sélection d'articles d'IRIN sont publiés sur ReliefWeb. Trouvez d'autres articles et analyses d'IRIN sur http://www.irinnews.org

This article does not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its agencies. Refer to the IRIN copyright page for conditions of use.

Cet article ne reflète pas nécessairement les vues des Nations Unies. Voir IRIN droits d'auteur pour les conditions d'utilisation.

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Sierra Leone + 1 other
UNHCR joins fight against Lassa fever in Sierra Leonean camps

FREETOWN, Sierra Leone, April 1 (UNHCR) - The UN refugee agency has signed an agreement with the government of Sierra Leone and various non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to combat the deadly Lassa fever that has so far infected 80 people in the country's refugee camps and nearby host communities.
Last week, UNHCR's senior regional health coordinator, Marie Claude Bottineau, joined Sierra Leone's health authorities and representatives from the World Health Organisation (WHO), UN Children's Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) and British NGO MERLIN in signing
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Israel + 1 other
Annan 'happy' Quartet to push forward with plan for Middle East peace

Report
UN News Service
Secretary-General Kofi Annan has said he is "happy" that the diplomatic Quartet - comprising the United Nations, European Union, Russian Federation and United States - is determined to move ahead with a plan to resolve the Middle East crisis.
Speaking to a group of eight Palestinian journalists visiting UN Headquarters in New York yesterday, the Secretary-General said he was happy that US President George W. Bush had reasserted that he intends to press ahead with the Quartet's so-called Road Map, and noted that British Prime Minister Tony Blair also agreed that the group should