This report presents not only an overview of how PRSPs have become the focus of international development thinking, but also how the lack of critical analysis and evaluation of PRSPs in terms of their ability to move communities out of poverty has meant that it is business as usual for a number of interest groups. The report goes on to focus on the experiences of pastoralists in Uganda and Kenya, during the period when these countries have had PRSPs in place. Finally, the report also provides some recommendations as to how the current PRSP model and

The Guidelines provide a holistic approach to addressing land issues from the immediate aftermath of a natural disaster through early recovery and reconstruction phases. It is targeted at humanitarians and land professionals, as well as government officials. The Guidelines take an inter-disciplinary approach to land, one that also brings together humanitarian emergency relief and early recovery perspectives. Throughout the text, readers will find many short cases illustrating practical aspects of bringing land issues into the post-disaster recovery process. Tools

The report is structured as follows:

Chapter 1: provides a background to, and outlines the objectives of, the report.

Chapter 2: describes the context within which the Programme Budget 2008-2009 was implemented.

Chapter 3: presents the priorities of the biennium and the related planned resources.

Chapter 4: reports on achivements at both regional and country levels in addressing health priorities for each of the 13 Strategic Objectives including the implemetation of relevant resolutions of the WHO Regional Committee.

Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality are major public health concerns in most developing countries and in under resourced settings. WHO estimates that every year approximately 8 million women endure pregnancy-related complications and around half a million die as a result. Almost 9 million children die every year, of which 4 million newborn babies die within the first month of life. In addition, 3.3 million babies are born dead.

The evidence shows that high maternal, perinatal, neonatal and child mortality rates are associated with inadequate

In 2009 CSSP implemented projects in more than 10 municipalities in Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia and Bosnia and has further activities in the region, interactive training, systematic advocacy, conflict analysis, stakeholder consultation, and inter-community mediation.

CSSP advanced its methodology - Integrative Mediation - and developed further tools for conflict analysis and evaluation which are part of the Multitrack Peace Mediation Course in 2011, developed jointly with Berghof Peace Support, Inmedio and CSSP.

In November 2006, the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) began implementing the Global Scaling Up Handwashing Project to test whether innovative promotional approaches could generate widespread and sustainable increases in rates of handwashing with soap at critical times - and thus reduce rates of diarrhea and acute lower respiratory infection - among the poor and vulnerable in Peru, Senegal, Tanzania, and Vietnam.

The global project team soon realized they needed a common conceptual framework that would be applicable across the participating countries.

A central challenge facing nations today is how to ensure that both people and the natural environment have adequate freshwater to sustain and nourish their existence. In many parts of the world, communities actually compete with nature for dwindling supplies, to the detriment of both. Most often, though, water for the environment is not a priority in water management practices, the result of which has gravely impacted the natural environment, especially the aquatic environment.

Water is an inseparable component of

Contents

The decade of African traditional medicine: Progress so far
Luis Gomes Sambo

An overview of the traditional medicine situation in the African Region
Ossy MJ Kasilo, Jean-Marie Trapsida, Chris Ngenda Mwikisa and Paul Samson Lusamba-Dikassa

An overview of traditional medicine in ECO WAS Member States
Kofi Busia and Ossy MJ Kasilo

Regulation of traditional medicine in the African Region
Ossy MJ Kasilo and Jean-Marie Trapsida

Clinical practices of African traditional medicine

The rising trend of violence against aid workers has generated a need for better reporting, tracking, analyzing and sharing information among humanitarian actors on these attacks. The Aid Worker Security Database (AWSD) records over a decade of the major incidents of violence against aid workers, from 1997 to the present. The database is the single most comprehensive global source of this data, and we hope that in this publicly accessible form it will provide a much-needed quantitative evidence base for analysis of the changing security environment for civilian aid operations.